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United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination - States Parties Reports |
UNITED
NATIONS
|
|
CERD
|
![]() |
International Convention on
the Elimination
of all Forms of
Racial Discrimination
|
Distr.
GENERAL
CERD/C/447/Add.1
6 May 2004
ENGLISH
Original: FRENCH
|
COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION OF
RACIAL DISCRIMINATION
[3 February 2004]
* This document contains the tenth and eleventh periodic reports of Portugal, which were due on 23 September 2001 and 2003, combined in one document. For the ninth periodic report of Portugal, and the summary records of the Committee meetings at which the report was considered, see documents CERD/C/357/Add.1 and CERD/C/SR.1447, 1448 and 1461.
GE.04-41342 (E) 240604 290604
CONTENTS
Paragraphs Page
Introduction 1 - 3 5
I. DEMOGRAPHIC COMPOSITION OF THE POPULATION 4 - 46 6
A. General 4 - 18 6
B. Aliens resident in Portugal in 2001 19 - 23 8
C. Aliens resident in Portugal in 2002 24 - 25 20
D. Issuance of residence permits in 2002 26 - 27 31
E. Naturalizations in 2000, 2001 and 2002 28 - 30 32
F. Gypsy population 31 - 32 39
G. Measures taken by the Government 33 - 39 40
H. Local authority measures 40 - 44 41
I. Civil society measures 45 - 46 42
II. MAJOR CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS AGAINST
RACIAL DISCRIMINATION 47 - 50 42
III. CONSIDERATION OF THE GENERAL SITUATION
WITH REGARD TO RACIAL DISCRIMINATION 51 - 56 43
IV. INCIDENTS OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION 57 - 78 44
A. Announcement in a daily newspaper 58 44
B. Murder of a gypsy 59 - 61 44
C. Noteworthy behaviour 62 45
D. Racism and car hire 63 45
E. Some positive developments 64 - 78 45
Paragraphs Page
V. RECENT DOMESTIC MEASURES TO COMBAT
RACISM AND INTOLERANCE 79 - 84 48
VI. PARTICIPATION BY PORTUGAL IN ACTIVITIES OF
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS 85 - 87 50
I. ARTICLE 2 - Anti-racism policy 88 50
II. ARTICLE 3 - Racial segregation 89 50
III. ARTICLE 4 - Racist organizations 90 51
IV. ARTICLE 5 - Equal rights of all before the tribunals 91 51
V. ARTICLE 6 - Effective remedies 92 51
VI. ARTICLE 7 - Education and information 93 - 113 51
I. PRECEDENT 114 - 122 55
A. Administrative precedent 114 - 118 55
B. Judicial precedent 119 - 122 61
II. SPECIFIC NATIONAL PROVISIONS 123 62
III. ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS 124 - 134 62
A. Housing 125 - 129 62
B. Examples of improvements in living conditions for
minority populations 130 - 134 63
General conclusion 135 - 137 64
1. Resident alien population of Portugal, by nationality and district of residence (2001 final data)
2. Resident alien population of Portugal, by nationality and sex (2001 final data)
3. Resident alien population of Portugal, by nationality and district of residence (2002 provisional data, processed on 14 May 2003)
4. Resident alien population of Portugal, by nationality and sex (2002 provisional data, processed on 14 May 2003)
5. Issuance of residence permits, by nationality (2001)
6. Issuance of residence permits, by nationality (2002)
7. Residence permits granted, by nationality (2001 and 2002)
* These statistical annexes for 2001 and 2002 may be consulted in the files of the secretariat of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
Introduction
1. Portugal introduced its ninth periodic report (CERD/C/357/Add.1) on 12 and 13 March 2001. As updated information was also provided at that time, the present report covers 2001, 2002 and the first half of 2003, since the tenth and eleventh reports are to be introduced on 23 September 2003, according to the schedule provided by the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.
2. In its concluding observations (CERD/C/304/Add.117, 27 April 2001), the Committee requested additional information on the following points:
(a) Incidents of racial discrimination and xenophobia;
(b) The number of complaints brought before the courts;
(c) The number of complaints admitted to the Commission on Equality and NonDiscrimination;
(d) The number of complaints settled by the Commission, and the outcome;
(e) Effective enjoyment by ethnic groups, including refugees, gypsies and citizens from the former colonies, of the rights set forth in article 5 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, namely equality and non-discriminatory treatment;
(f) The socio-economic situation of these groups and the implementation of general recommendation No. XX (equality and non-discriminatory treatment);
(g) The existence of information campaigns concerning complaints, the situation in terms of discrimination and means of combating discrimination; and
(h) The publicity given to the Committee’s reports and its general recommendations.
These questions would by themselves justify a report; they are at the heart of the report now being submitted by the Government.
3. The general structure of the report is as follows: part one deals, in chapter I, with the demographic status of the Portuguese population (number of aliens, residence by aliens, residence permits, naturalization, gypsies, etc.); there follows a fairly detailed analysis of the major constitutional provisions against discrimination (chap. II), the general situation with regard to discrimination (chap. III), some incidents of racial discrimination (chap. IV), recent domestic measures to combat racism and intolerance (chap. V), and, lastly, Portugal’s participation in the activities of international organizations (chap. VI). As customary, part two of the report is devoted to information in connection with articles 2 to 7 of the Convention. This year the report contains a third part comprising three chapters on precedent (chap. I), specific national provisions (chap. II) and economic, social and cultural rights (chap. III).
4. Reference to the demographic composition of the population means necessarily analysing the situation of aliens. This is essentially governed by legislation on aliens, which seeks to regulate their situation in the country.
5. The Government that emerged from the legislative elections of 2002 changed the legal regime governing the entry into, stay in and removal from the national territory of aliens, relying on the legislative authority granted by Parliament under Act No. 22/2002, of 21 August. The new regime introduced under Decree Law No. 4/2001 of 10 January, led to a significant increase in the number of legal aliens, namely 346,000 at the end of 2001. The figures submitted in the report, provided by the Aliens and Border Service, relate to 2001-2002. The increase in the number of aliens legally present in Portugal led to a change in the law.
6. Decree Law No. 34/2003, of 25 February, stipulates that entry into and exit from Portuguese territory must be through authorized border posts during their hours of operation. Under article 26, aliens who enter the country via a crossing which is not controlled and who arrive from another Schengen country must report their entry within three working days of their arrival.
7. Entry is refused to aliens who do not meet all the conditions provided for by law or who constitute a danger or serious threat to public order, national security or international relations, relations between member States of the European Union, or relations between States governed by the Convention of Schengen. Entry and travel documents are regulated by articles 12 and 13.
8. Only aliens with sufficient means of subsistence for the period of their stay or who are in a position to legally acquire such means may enter the country. A document pledging responsibility for the alien’s stay must be produced by a foreign national or alien.
9. Authority to refuse entry rests with the Director-General of the Aliens and Border Service, the carrier being responsible for return of the alien if entry is refused. Appeal to the courts is possible, but without suspensory effect.
10. The visa regime is regulated under articles 27 et seq., with particular focus on work visas: a work visa allows its holder to enter Portugal with the intention of temporarily exercising a professional activity, whether as an employee or otherwise (art. 36).
11. The Government, in a notification from the Institute for Employment and Vocational Training (IEFP), produces a biennial report with a forecast of employment opportunities and
sectors in which they exist and establishing an absolute maximum annual limit for aliens arriving from third States to exercise a professional activity. The report is drafted taking account of the following factors:
(i) The needs of the market in general;
(ii) The need for labour in sectors of fundamental importance to the national economy; and
(iii) Geographical weighting of employment opportunities for foreign citizens in accordance with the absorption capacity of each district.
12. An employment visa allows its holder to engage in an ongoing professional activity. The holder must inform the Institute for Employment and Vocational Training of any change in the exercise of a professional activity, so as to ensure that it is in conformity with the above report. An employment visa is valid for multiple entries into Portuguese territory and may be granted for up to one year.
13. The right to family reunification is provided for in articles 56 et seq. A citizen resident for at least one year has the right to family reunification with members of the family who are outside the national territory and who lived with him in another country or who are his dependants. The beneficiaries of this right are the spouse, minor children or children lacking capacity in the charge of a couple or one spouse, adopted children, direct ascendants in the first degree of the resident or his spouse provided that they are dependent, minor siblings under the guardianship of the resident pursuant to a decision by a competent authority in the country of origin, provided that the decision is recognized by Portugal.
14. Article 101 provides for an accessory penalty of expulsion. This may be applied to any foreign citizen not resident in the country sentenced in connection with an intentional offence to a term of imprisonment greater than six months or an equivalent fine. This penalty may also be applied to a foreign citizen resident in Portugal sentenced in connection with an intentional offence to a term of imprisonment greater than one year. In such circumstances it is, however, necessary to take into account the gravity of the offence, the character of the person involved, the likelihood of reoffending, the degree of integration in society, special prevention and the length of residence in Portugal.
15. The accessory penalty of expulsion is not applied to resident aliens when they have dependent children who are resident in Portuguese territory, over whom they were effectively exercising parental authority at the time of the events that resulted in application of the penalty, and for whose maintenance and education they are responsible, provided that the child remains a minor during the anticipated term of the penalty. The penalty is also not applied when the children have been present in Portugal from before the age of 10 and are ordinarily resident in Portugal.
16. Expulsion is determined by the courts when it is an accessory penalty or when the alien has entered Portugal irregularly (art. 109). Expulsion is determined by the administrative authorities in the case of a citizen in illegal status.
17. Lastly, enterprises committing the violations addressed in this legislative instrument have criminal and civil liability. In particular, anyone assisting illegal immigration is liable to a prison term of up to three years.
18. The following information relates to 2001. For updated data for the second half of 2003, the reader is referred to the various statistical tables in the annex which are available for consultation with the Committee secretariat.
19. In 2001 the resident alien population of Portugal was 224,913, comprising 126,449 men and 98,464 women, according to provisional data for 2001 (processed by the Aliens and Border Service in January 2003).
20. There are 61,795 resident aliens from the other 14 European Union countries, with United Kingdom citizens being the most numerous (14,961). Nationals of other countries, nonmember States of the European Union, number 5,430.
21. Almost half the resident aliens - 107,946 - are from African countries: most are from the former Portuguese colonies; nationals of other African countries number only 5,906.
22. There is also a large number of aliens from the Americas: 10,212 aliens are nationals of Canada or the United States of America; 28,992 are from Central or South America, including 23,555 from Brazil. There are 9,721 Asians, including a significant number of Chinese (3,955) and Indians (1,374) as well as Pakistanis (1,039).
23. These figures give the following order:
Africans - 107,946, mostly from the former Portuguese colonies; European Union nationals - 67,225; Brazilians - 23,555; and Asians - 9,721.
Nationality
|
Sex
|
||
Total
|
Men
|
Women
|
|
Overall total
|
224 913
|
126 449
|
98 464
|
Europe
|
67 225
|
35 771
|
31 454
|
European Union
|
61 795
|
32 952
|
28 843
|
Austria
|
590
|
319
|
271
|
Belgium
|
2 279
|
1 172
|
1 107
|
Denmark
|
827
|
464
|
363
|
Finland
|
550
|
237
|
313
|
France
|
7 824
|
4 096
|
3 728
|
Germany
|
11 166
|
6 164
|
5 002
|
Greece
|
160
|
87
|
73
|
Nationality
|
Sex
|
||
---|---|---|---|
Total
|
Men
|
Women
|
|
Ireland
|
495
|
233
|
262
|
Italy
|
3 385
|
2 081
|
1 304
|
Luxembourg
|
98
|
62
|
36
|
Netherlands
|
4 461
|
2 436
|
2 025
|
Spain
|
13 682
|
6 840
|
6 842
|
Sweden
|
1 317
|
711
|
606
|
United Kingdom
|
14 961
|
8 050
|
6 911
|
Other European
|
5 430
|
2 819
|
2 611
|
Albania
|
22
|
15
|
7
|
Andorra
|
9
|
1
|
8
|
Armenia
|
20
|
10
|
10
|
Belarus
|
40
|
9
|
31
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
107
|
37
|
70
|
Bulgaria
|
435
|
235
|
200
|
Croatia
|
111
|
61
|
50
|
Czech Republic
|
44
|
14
|
30
|
Estonia
|
9
|
3
|
6
|
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
|
139
|
66
|
73
|
Former Czechoslovakia
|
69
|
38
|
31
|
Former Yugoslavia
|
149
|
90
|
59
|
Former USSR
|
308
|
147
|
161
|
Georgia
|
3
|
3
|
0
|
Hungary
|
136
|
55
|
81
|
Iceland
|
47
|
20
|
27
|
Kazakhstan
|
7
|
3
|
4
|
Latvia
|
12
|
3
|
9
|
Liechtenstein
|
5
|
4
|
1
|
Lithuania
|
18
|
8
|
10
|
Malta
|
4
|
1
|
3
|
Moldova
|
45
|
28
|
17
|
Monaco
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
Norway
|
567
|
324
|
243
|
Poland
|
249
|
112
|
137
|
Romania
|
512
|
329
|
183
|
Russia
|
598
|
233
|
365
|
Slovak Republic
|
14
|
7
|
7
|
Slovenia
|
13
|
8
|
5
|
Switzerland
|
1 405
|
768
|
637
|
The former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia
|
24
|
19
|
5
|
Nationality
|
Sex
|
||
---|---|---|---|
Total
|
Men
|
Women
|
|
Turkey
|
101
|
64
|
37
|
Turkmenistan
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
Ukraine
|
202
|
103
|
99
|
Uzbekistan
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Africa
|
107 946
|
63 583
|
44 363
|
Angola
|
22 820
|
12 921
|
9 899
|
Cape Verde
|
50 223
|
28 746
|
21 477
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
17 884
|
12 514
|
5 370
|
Mozambique
|
4 768
|
2 584
|
2 184
|
Sao Tome and Principe
|
6 345
|
3 121
|
3 224
|
Other African
|
5 906
|
3 697
|
2 209
|
Algeria
|
107
|
82
|
25
|
Benin
|
6
|
4
|
2
|
Botswana
|
7
|
1
|
6
|
Burkina Faso
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
Burundi
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
Cameroon
|
33
|
20
|
13
|
Central African Republic
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
Chad
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Congo (Democratic Republic)
|
296
|
185
|
111
|
Congo (Republic)
|
102
|
69
|
33
|
Côte d’Ivoire
|
101
|
67
|
34
|
Djibouti
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Egypt
|
71
|
56
|
15
|
Equatorial Guinea
|
17
|
8
|
9
|
Ethiopia
|
13
|
3
|
10
|
Gabon
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
Gambia
|
6
|
5
|
1
|
Ghana
|
55
|
43
|
12
|
Guinea
|
740
|
527
|
213
|
Kenya
|
287
|
180
|
107
|
Lesotho
|
4
|
1
|
3
|
Liberia
|
40
|
38
|
2
|
Libya
|
43
|
29
|
14
|
Madagascar
|
6
|
1
|
5
|
Malawi
|
22
|
12
|
10
|
Mali
|
69
|
60
|
9
|
Mauritania
|
32
|
23
|
9
|
Mauritius
|
13
|
6
|
7
|
Morocco
|
566
|
369
|
197
|
Nationality
|
Sex
|
||
---|---|---|---|
Total
|
Men
|
Women
|
|
Namibia
|
4
|
0
|
4
|
Nigeria
|
96
|
68
|
28
|
Rwanda
|
24
|
14
|
10
|
Saint Helena
|
8
|
3
|
5
|
Senegal
|
597
|
508
|
89
|
Seychelles
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
Sierra Leone
|
94
|
71
|
23
|
Somalia
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
South Africa
|
1 926
|
958
|
968
|
Sudan
|
17
|
12
|
5
|
Swaziland
|
12
|
6
|
6
|
Tanzania
|
332
|
182
|
150
|
Togo
|
15
|
15
|
0
|
Tunisia
|
38
|
25
|
13
|
Uganda
|
7
|
3
|
4
|
Zambia
|
9
|
7
|
2
|
Zimbabwe
|
77
|
31
|
46
|
North America
|
10 212
|
5 848
|
4 364
|
Canada
|
1 952
|
1 200
|
752
|
United States of America
|
8 044
|
4 561
|
3 483
|
Other North American
|
216
|
87
|
129
|
Bermuda
|
1
|
-1
|
2
|
Mexico
|
205
|
84
|
121
|
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
|
10
|
4
|
6
|
Central and South American
|
28 992
|
15 259
|
13 733
|
Brazil
|
23 555
|
12 150
|
11 405
|
Venezuela
|
3 529
|
2 202
|
1 327
|
Other Central and South American
|
1 908
|
907
|
1 001
|
Argentina
|
475
|
276
|
199
|
Barbados
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
Belize
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
Bolivia
|
32
|
19
|
13
|
Chile
|
215
|
107
|
108
|
Colombia
|
292
|
117
|
175
|
Costa Rica
|
15
|
6
|
9
|
Cuba
|
267
|
96
|
171
|
Dominica
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
Dominican Republic
|
42
|
7
|
35
|
Ecuador
|
123
|
54
|
69
|
El Salvador
|
12
|
8
|
4
|
Nationality
|
Sex
|
||
---|---|---|---|
Total
|
Men
|
Women
|
|
Grenada
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Guatemala
|
22
|
10
|
12
|
Guyana
|
20
|
11
|
9
|
Haiti
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
Honduras
|
10
|
4
|
6
|
Jamaica
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
Nicaragua
|
8
|
2
|
6
|
Panama
|
24
|
14
|
10
|
Paraguay
|
23
|
16
|
7
|
Peru
|
209
|
90
|
119
|
Dominican Republic
|
42
|
7
|
35
|
St. Kitts and Nevis
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
Suriname
|
4
|
4
|
0
|
Trinidad and Tobago
|
19
|
13
|
6
|
Uruguay
|
85
|
45
|
40
|
Asia
|
9 721
|
5 538
|
4 183
|
Afghanistan
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
Bahrain
|
16
|
16
|
0
|
Bangladesh
|
254
|
208
|
46
|
Cambodia
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
China
|
3 955
|
2 371
|
1 584
|
Cyprus
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
Hong Kong
|
295
|
150
|
145
|
India
|
1 374
|
650
|
724
|
Indonesia
|
16
|
2
|
14
|
Iran
|
592
|
346
|
246
|
Iraq
|
154
|
96
|
58
|
Israel
|
104
|
68
|
36
|
Japan
|
800
|
466
|
334
|
Jordan
|
80
|
49
|
31
|
Kuwait
|
19
|
11
|
8
|
Lebanon
|
192
|
108
|
84
|
Macao
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Malaysia
|
44
|
27
|
17
|
Myanmar
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
Nepal
|
5
|
3
|
2
|
North Korea
|
11
|
5
|
6
|
Pakistan
|
1 039
|
661
|
378
|
Philippines
|
313
|
71
|
242
|
Qatar
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
Nationality
|
Sex
|
||
---|---|---|---|
Total
|
Men
|
Women
|
|
Saudi Arabia
|
19
|
12
|
7
|
Singapore
|
42
|
14
|
28
|
South Korea
|
193
|
104
|
89
|
Sri Lanka
|
19
|
9
|
10
|
Syria
|
78
|
44
|
34
|
Taiwan
|
5
|
2
|
3
|
Thailand
|
66
|
24
|
42
|
Timor
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
United Arab Emirates
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
West Bank/Gaza Strip
|
10
|
7
|
3
|
Viet Nam
|
8
|
4
|
4
|
Yemen
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
Oceania
|
538
|
296
|
242
|
Australia
|
477
|
256
|
221
|
New Zealand
|
61
|
40
|
21
|
Stateless
|
273
|
152
|
121
|
Unknown
|
6
|
2
|
4
|
Source: Aliens and Border Service. Final data for 2001 (processed on 6 May 2003) are given in table 2 of the annex (available for consultation in the secretariat).
Note: Provisional data for 2001 (processed in January 2003).
Nationality
|
Aveiro
|
Beja
|
Braga
|
Bragança
|
Castelo
Branco
|
Coimbra
|
Évora
|
Faro
|
Guarda
|
Leiria
|
Lisboa
|
Portalegre
|
Porto
|
Santarém
|
Setúbal
|
Viana do
Castelo
|
Vila Real
|
Viseu
|
Açores
|
Madeira
|
Overall total
|
8 187
|
1 158
|
3 606
|
418
|
719
|
6 003
|
1 059
|
29 272
|
855
|
2 998
|
122 258
|
768
|
13 152
|
1 799
|
23 289
|
1 599
|
713
|
1 618
|
2 606
|
2 836
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Europe
|
1 709
|
927
|
1 361
|
177
|
321
|
2 691
|
616
|
17 788
|
293
|
1 253
|
26 599
|
494
|
5 367
|
734
|
3 025
|
924
|
208
|
485
|
675
|
1 578
|
European Union
|
1 464
|
877
|
1 194
|
161
|
287
|
2 546
|
592
|
16 849
|
275
|
1 131
|
24 253
|
467
|
4 938
|
653
|
2 712
|
870
|
190
|
393
|
567
|
1 376
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Austria
|
27
|
10
|
16
|
3
|
7
|
36
|
11
|
114
|
2
|
8
|
222
|
6
|
49
|
8
|
10
|
1
|
1
|
4
|
13
|
42
|
Belgium
|
44
|
47
|
62
|
2
|
11
|
176
|
34
|
610
|
13
|
60
|
844
|
16
|
101
|
24
|
138
|
22
|
8
|
27
|
16
|
24
|
Denmark
|
41
|
44
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
23
|
4
|
234
|
5
|
9
|
287
|
5
|
101
|
1
|
29
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
31
|
Finland
|
16
|
1
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
17
|
0
|
201
|
0
|
6
|
186
|
0
|
64
|
1
|
15
|
5
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
30
|
France
|
412
|
45
|
305
|
29
|
71
|
327
|
42
|
919
|
69
|
322
|
3 474
|
24
|
677
|
128
|
410
|
190
|
41
|
89
|
134
|
116
|
Germany
|
222
|
302
|
244
|
14
|
47
|
369
|
106
|
3 469
|
57
|
182
|
3 506
|
34
|
1 077
|
76
|
626
|
68
|
18
|
59
|
263
|
427
|
Greece
|
8
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
13
|
0
|
17
|
0
|
0
|
84
|
0
|
15
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
7
|
Ireland
|
10
|
1
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
13
|
1
|
188
|
1
|
4
|
225
|
2
|
16
|
11
|
10
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
5
|
Italy
|
114
|
17
|
93
|
8
|
20
|
352
|
35
|
291
|
14
|
67
|
1 510
|
28
|
323
|
64
|
230
|
27
|
13
|
43
|
40
|
96
|
Luxembourg
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
8
|
2
|
20
|
1
|
9
|
31
|
2
|
10
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
Netherlands
|
59
|
120
|
43
|
-2
|
30
|
211
|
93
|
1 947
|
21
|
93
|
1 105
|
56
|
206
|
86
|
210
|
33
|
9
|
28
|
30
|
83
|
Spain
|
382
|
133
|
284
|
99
|
74
|
630
|
154
|
732
|
86
|
204
|
7 773
|
238
|
1 335
|
183
|
652
|
429
|
86
|
101
|
32
|
75
|
Sweden
|
12
|
5
|
14
|
0
|
1
|
44
|
91
|
292
|
1
|
8
|
694
|
3
|
64
|
5
|
58
|
3
|
1
|
7
|
5
|
9
|
United Kingdom
|
115
|
151
|
111
|
7
|
25
|
327
|
19
|
7 815
|
5
|
159
|
4 312
|
53
|
900
|
65
|
321
|
80
|
11
|
27
|
27
|
431
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other European
|
245
|
50
|
167
|
16
|
34
|
145
|
24
|
939
|
18
|
122
|
2 346
|
27
|
429
|
81
|
313
|
54
|
18
|
92
|
108
|
202
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albania
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
Andorra
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Armenia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
15
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Belarus
|
10
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
9
|
0
|
6
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
6
|
71
|
5
|
3
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
Bulgaria
|
39
|
1
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
9
|
2
|
53
|
1
|
6
|
179
|
0
|
34
|
9
|
22
|
7
|
1
|
51
|
3
|
9
|
Croatia
|
7
|
0
|
19
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
15
|
0
|
5
|
33
|
0
|
15
|
2
|
7
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
Czech
Republic
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
14
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
Estonia
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Federal
Republic of
Yugoslavia
|
13
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
1
|
23
|
1
|
4
|
49
|
0
|
14
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
8
|
1
|
0
|
17
|
Former
Czechoslovakia
|
8
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
34
|
2
|
16
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
Former
Yugoslavia
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
23
|
0
|
1
|
68
|
0
|
30
|
3
|
6
|
0
|
-2
|
2
|
1
|
6
|
Former USSR
|
1
|
0
|
12
|
0
|
2
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
226
|
0
|
38
|
4
|
5
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
Georgia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Hungary
|
5
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
11
|
0
|
3
|
72
|
0
|
17
|
0
|
7
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
15
|
Nationality
|
Aveiro
|
Beja
|
Braga
|
Bragança
|
Castelo
Branco
|
Coimbra
|
Évora
|
Faro
|
Guarda
|
Leiria
|
Lisboa
|
Portalegre
|
Porto
|
Santarém
|
Setúbal
|
Viana do
Castelo
|
Vila Real
|
Viseu
|
Açores
|
Madeira
|
Iceland
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
-1
|
0
|
11
|
0
|
0
|
16
|
1
|
7
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
Kazakhstan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Latvia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
Liechtenstein
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Lithuania
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Malta
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Moldova
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
9
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
19
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
Monaco
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Norway
|
15
|
4
|
7
|
0
|
2
|
25
|
1
|
146
|
1
|
10
|
263
|
2
|
21
|
1
|
31
|
5
|
0
|
1
|
4
|
28
|
Poland
|
16
|
0
|
9
|
2
|
2
|
5
|
0
|
26
|
5
|
3
|
130
|
1
|
25
|
3
|
11
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
4
|
4
|
Romania
|
27
|
2
|
43
|
5
|
1
|
17
|
3
|
58
|
0
|
13
|
251
|
1
|
16
|
20
|
44
|
6
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
Russia
|
51
|
0
|
12
|
0
|
9
|
28
|
3
|
65
|
0
|
5
|
279
|
0
|
44
|
11
|
56
|
6
|
3
|
3
|
9
|
14
|
Slovak Republic
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
-1
|
2
|
Slovenia
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
Switzerland
|
26
|
36
|
19
|
3
|
14
|
28
|
6
|
446
|
4
|
54
|
460
|
15
|
102
|
13
|
58
|
11
|
4
|
22
|
22
|
62
|
The former
Yugoslav
Republic of
Macedonia
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
Turkey
|
3
|
1
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
14
|
0
|
1
|
50
|
0
|
10
|
1
|
5
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
3
|
Turkmenistan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Ukraine
|
6
|
2
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
12
|
2
|
1
|
69
|
0
|
8
|
2
|
9
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
56
|
21
|
Uzbekistan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Africa
|
1 352
|
110
|
743
|
113
|
146
|
1 520
|
241
|
7 645
|
145
|
735
|
72 630
|
157
|
2 741
|
577
|
17 929
|
154
|
159
|
243
|
333
|
273
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Angola
|
424
|
26
|
311
|
58
|
39
|
465
|
56
|
924
|
60
|
201
|
15 345
|
77
|
904
|
184
|
3 424
|
66
|
79
|
111
|
18
|
48
|
Cape Verde
|
196
|
34
|
117
|
32
|
74
|
381
|
105
|
3 244
|
48
|
325
|
33 784
|
42
|
886
|
196
|
10 403
|
27
|
33
|
57
|
214
|
25
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
477
|
18
|
122
|
6
|
1
|
332
|
21
|
2 384
|
1
|
58
|
12 318
|
7
|
341
|
58
|
1 489
|
23
|
24
|
20
|
78
|
106
|
Mozambique
|
43
|
8
|
64
|
4
|
12
|
108
|
27
|
110
|
3
|
45
|
3 317
|
5
|
130
|
51
|
812
|
7
|
1
|
5
|
8
|
8
|
Sao Tome and
Príncipe
|
75
|
3
|
37
|
3
|
6
|
115
|
22
|
80
|
5
|
12
|
4 463
|
17
|
109
|
28
|
1 334
|
0
|
8
|
22
|
2
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other African
|
137
|
21
|
92
|
10
|
14
|
119
|
10
|
903
|
28
|
94
|
3 403
|
9
|
371
|
60
|
467
|
31
|
14
|
28
|
13
|
82
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Algeria
|
4
|
2
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
16
|
0
|
5
|
37
|
0
|
18
|
4
|
7
|
4
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Benin
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Botswana
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Burkina Faso
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Burundi
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Cameroon
|
-1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
11
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
10
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Central African
Republic
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Chad
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Nationality
|
Aveiro
|
Beja
|
Braga
|
Bragança
|
Castelo
Branco
|
Coimbra
|
Évora
|
Faro
|
Guarda
|
Leiria
|
Lisboa
|
Portalegre
|
Porto
|
Santarém
|
Setúbal
|
Viana do
Castelo
|
Vila Real
|
Viseu
|
Açores
|
Madeira
|
Congo
(Democratic
Republic)
|
26
|
0
|
16
|
2
|
4
|
4
|
0
|
5
|
7
|
7
|
176
|
1
|
23
|
1
|
16
|
1
|
5
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
Congo
(Republic)
|
4
|
0
|
12
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
5
|
0
|
54
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
19
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
Côte d’Ivoire
|
14
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
12
|
0
|
1
|
48
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
20
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Djibouti
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Egypt
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
1
|
33
|
0
|
12
|
1
|
5
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
-1
|
1
|
Equatorial
Guinea
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
10
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Ethiopia
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
7
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Gabon
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Gambia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Ghana
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
9
|
3
|
2
|
31
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Guinea
|
16
|
-1
|
22
|
0
|
0
|
30
|
4
|
61
|
2
|
1
|
421
|
2
|
66
|
8
|
97
|
6
|
1
|
2
|
-3
|
5
|
Kenya
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
11
|
0
|
10
|
0
|
2
|
237
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
20
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Lesotho
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Liberia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
35
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Libya
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
34
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
Madagascar
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Malawi
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
20
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
Mali
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
1
|
0
|
32
|
0
|
5
|
1
|
14
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
Mauritius
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
Mauritania
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
28
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Morocco
|
20
|
13
|
6
|
1
|
3
|
7
|
0
|
130
|
4
|
51
|
215
|
1
|
35
|
12
|
47
|
5
|
1
|
9
|
2
|
4
|
Namibia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Nigeria
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
72
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Rwanda
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
9
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Saint Helena
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Senegal
|
3
|
0
|
5
|
3
|
2
|
9
|
1
|
37
|
0
|
0
|
442
|
0
|
61
|
5
|
25
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
Seychelles
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Sierra Leone
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
86
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Somalia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
South Africa
|
25
|
4
|
14
|
2
|
3
|
18
|
1
|
563
|
6
|
15
|
983
|
2
|
99
|
19
|
86
|
8
|
1
|
9
|
13
|
55
|
Sudan
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
13
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Swaziland
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Tanzania
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
26
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
254
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
47
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Togo
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
12
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Tunisia
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
14
|
0
|
5
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
Uganda
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Zambia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
Zimbabwe
|
5
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
14
|
0
|
0
|
38
|
0
|
3
|
2
|
8
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nationality
|
Aveiro
|
Beja
|
Braga
|
Bragança
|
Castelo
Branco
|
Coimbra
|
Évora
|
Faro
|
Guarda
|
Leiria
|
Lisboa
|
Portalegre
|
Porto
|
Santarém
|
Setúbal
|
Viana do
Castelo
|
Vila Real
|
Viseu
|
Açores
|
Madeira
|
North America
|
778
|
23
|
88
|
10
|
54
|
327
|
25
|
886
|
172
|
344
|
5 036
|
16
|
267
|
135
|
257
|
148
|
25
|
123
|
1 398
|
100
|
Canada
|
148
|
0
|
20
|
6
|
15
|
120
|
3
|
328
|
0
|
137
|
516
|
0
|
41
|
36
|
75
|
-1
|
-3
|
15
|
490
|
6
|
USA
|
627
|
19
|
64
|
4
|
35
|
203
|
21
|
552
|
171
|
195
|
4 390
|
12
|
215
|
91
|
162
|
149
|
28
|
108
|
909
|
89
|
Other North
American
|
3
|
4
|
4
|
0
|
4
|
4
|
1
|
6
|
1
|
12
|
130
|
4
|
11
|
8
|
20
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
-1
|
5
|
Bermuda
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
2
|
Mexico
|
3
|
4
|
4
|
0
|
4
|
4
|
1
|
6
|
1
|
12
|
129
|
2
|
11
|
8
|
11
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
3
|
Saint Pierre and
Miquelon
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Central and South
America
|
4 116
|
80
|
1 249
|
96
|
159
|
1 235
|
132
|
1 769
|
217
|
552
|
11 380
|
74
|
3 977
|
254
|
1 407
|
323
|
300
|
706
|
156
|
810
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brazil
|
2 277
|
66
|
1 146
|
84
|
139
|
1 006
|
124
|
1 236
|
196
|
481
|
10 128
|
73
|
3 521
|
218
|
1 216
|
290
|
280
|
665
|
141
|
268
|
Venezuela
|
1 755
|
5
|
54
|
2
|
1
|
179
|
1
|
314
|
11
|
14
|
315
|
0
|
257
|
11
|
59
|
10
|
4
|
21
|
7
|
509
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Central and
South American
|
84
|
9
|
49
|
10
|
19
|
50
|
7
|
219
|
10
|
57
|
937
|
1
|
199
|
25
|
132
|
23
|
16
|
20
|
8
|
33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Argentina
|
9
|
4
|
-4
|
0
|
9
|
10
|
2
|
104
|
6
|
29
|
209
|
0
|
38
|
10
|
23
|
6
|
1
|
8
|
3
|
8
|
Barbados
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Belize
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Bolivia
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
25
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Chile
|
8
|
2
|
5
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
20
|
1
|
4
|
126
|
1
|
11
|
6
|
22
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Colombia
|
20
|
1
|
14
|
0
|
2
|
11
|
0
|
17
|
1
|
2
|
143
|
0
|
34
|
1
|
25
|
3
|
4
|
0
|
3
|
11
|
Costa Rica
|
1
|
-1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
12
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
-1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Cuba
|
14
|
1
|
12
|
1
|
1
|
8
|
0
|
25
|
0
|
13
|
127
|
0
|
36
|
1
|
15
|
4
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
5
|
Dominica
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Dominican
Republic
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
2
|
25
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Ecuador
|
6
|
1
|
8
|
4
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
15
|
0
|
3
|
47
|
0
|
26
|
1
|
4
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
El Salvador
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Grenada
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Guatemala
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
11
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
5
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Guyana
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
13
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Haiti
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Honduras
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Jamaica
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Nicaragua
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
-1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Panama
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
21
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
-4
|
Paraguay
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Peru
|
14
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
9
|
1
|
11
|
0
|
2
|
109
|
0
|
29
|
2
|
10
|
1
|
5
|
8
|
0
|
3
|
St. Kitts and
Nevis
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Suriname
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Trinidad and
Tobago
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Uruguay
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
9
|
1
|
2
|
51
|
0
|
7
|
1
|
2
|
6
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
Nationality
|
Aveiro
|
Beja
|
Braga
|
Bragança
|
Castelo
Branco
|
Coimbra
|
Évora
|
Faro
|
Guarda
|
Leiria
|
Lisboa
|
Portalegre
|
Porto
|
Santarém
|
Setúbal
|
Viana do
Castelo
|
Vila Real
|
Viseu
|
Açores
|
Madeira
|
Asia
|
215
|
15
|
157
|
20
|
36
|
197
|
40
|
972
|
27
|
101
|
6 228
|
25
|
773
|
89
|
614
|
50
|
21
|
55
|
36
|
50
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Afghanistan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Bahrain
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Bangladesh
|
0
|
0
|
20
|
0
|
2
|
3
|
0
|
12
|
0
|
0
|
153
|
0
|
26
|
1
|
29
|
5
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
Cambodia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
China
|
176
|
12
|
120
|
8
|
22
|
130
|
20
|
348
|
9
|
74
|
2 165
|
12
|
508
|
44
|
207
|
18
|
18
|
29
|
13
|
22
|
Cyprus
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Hong Kong
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
284
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
-1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
India
|
8
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
4
|
19
|
8
|
67
|
14
|
3
|
1 062
|
2
|
69
|
8
|
83
|
4
|
2
|
11
|
3
|
3
|
Indonesia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
13
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Iran
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
13
|
1
|
39
|
0
|
0
|
444
|
2
|
15
|
6
|
51
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
10
|
2
|
Iraq
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
96
|
0
|
3
|
2
|
43
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Israel
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
10
|
0
|
0
|
77
|
7
|
3
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Japan
|
15
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
11
|
1
|
13
|
1
|
5
|
592
|
2
|
73
|
11
|
50
|
16
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
Jordan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
32
|
0
|
1
|
43
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Kuwait
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
13
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Lebanon
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
40
|
0
|
6
|
128
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
Macao
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Malaysia
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
13
|
2
|
0
|
19
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Myanmar
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Nepal
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
North Korea
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
11
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Pakistan
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
9
|
3
|
29
|
0
|
1
|
878
|
0
|
7
|
2
|
99
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
6
|
Philippines
|
5
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
4
|
36
|
0
|
8
|
196
|
0
|
12
|
11
|
19
|
2
|
0
|
9
|
3
|
3
|
Qatar
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Saudi Arabia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Singapore
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
23
|
0
|
7
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
South Korea
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
168
|
0
|
18
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
Sri Lanka
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
13
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Syria
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
19
|
0
|
1
|
47
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Taiwan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Thailand
|
3
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
1
|
2
|
40
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
Timor
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
United Arab
Emirates
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Viet Nam
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
West Bank/
Gaza Strip
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Yemen
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nationality
|
Aveiro
|
Beja
|
Braga
|
Bragança
|
Castelo
Branco
|
Coimbra
|
Évora
|
Faro
|
Guarda
|
Leiria
|
Lisboa
|
Portalegre
|
Porto
|
Santarém
|
Setúbal
|
Viana do
Castelo
|
Vila Real
|
Viseu
|
Açores
|
Madeira
|
Oceania
|
15
|
4
|
6
|
0
|
3
|
29
|
5
|
175
|
0
|
5
|
214
|
2
|
16
|
9
|
31
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
4
|
17
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Australia
|
11
|
3
|
5
|
0
|
3
|
27
|
5
|
168
|
0
|
5
|
175
|
2
|
16
|
9
|
30
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
3
|
13
|
New Zealand
|
4
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
39
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stateless
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
36
|
1
|
8
|
169
|
0
|
11
|
1
|
26
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
4
|
8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unknown
|
0
|
-1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
Note: Provisional data for 2001 (processed on 2 January 2003). Final data for 2001 (processed on 6 May 2003) are given in
table 1 of the annex (available for consultation in the secretariat).
24. There was an increase in the alien population of Portugal in 2002. There was a total of 235,627, of which 112,550 were from Africa (with an increase in people from countries other than former Portuguese colonies, namely 6,217). European Union nationals totalled 65,393, there having been a decline between 2001 and 2002; the number of nationals of Eastern European countries increased to 5,990. The number of Brazilians also grew, increasing to 24,550. The same is true of Asians, whose numbers increased to 10,443, including 4,334 Chinese, 1,461 Indians and 1,123 Pakistanis).
25. The number of nationals of Portuguese-speaking African countries and Brazil is very significant and still increasing, but there has been a relative decline in the number of European Union nationals. The African component from the former colonies is also identifiable: 24,096 from Angola, 51,950 from Cape Verde (the biggest African community); 18,728 from GuineaBissau; 6,689 from Sao Tome and Principe; and 4,870 from Mozambique. There are also 24,550 Brazilians. This gives an idea of the foreign component with cultural affinities as a result of colonization by Portugal, bonds that unite the Portuguese-speaking community. That also means that more than half, in fact almost two thirds, of the resident alien population are from Portuguese-speaking countries.
Nationality
|
Sex
|
||
Total
|
Men
|
Women
|
|
Overall total
|
235 627
|
131 448
|
104 179
|
Europe
|
71 383
|
37 838
|
33 545
|
European Union
|
65 393
|
34 728
|
30 665
|
Austria
|
631
|
343
|
288
|
Belgium
|
2 417
|
1 248
|
1 169
|
Denmark
|
857
|
478
|
379
|
Finland
|
567
|
242
|
325
|
France
|
8 295
|
4 335
|
3 960
|
Germany
|
11 779
|
6 468
|
5 311
|
Greece
|
171
|
89
|
82
|
Ireland
|
543
|
258
|
285
|
Italy
|
3 708
|
2 260
|
1 448
|
Luxembourg
|
110
|
70
|
40
|
Netherlands
|
4 756
|
2 582
|
2 174
|
Spain
|
14 479
|
7 185
|
7 294
|
Sweden
|
1 364
|
730
|
634
|
United Kingdom
|
15 716
|
8 440
|
7 276
|
Nationality
|
Sex
|
||
Total
|
Men
|
Women
|
|
Other European
|
5 990
|
3 110
|
2 880
|
Albania
|
24
|
16
|
8
|
Andorra
|
11
|
2
|
9
|
Armenia
|
21
|
11
|
10
|
Belarus
|
42
|
10
|
32
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
111
|
37
|
74
|
Bulgaria
|
544
|
330
|
214
|
Croatia
|
113
|
62
|
51
|
Czech Republic
|
48
|
15
|
33
|
Estonia
|
13
|
4
|
9
|
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
|
147
|
69
|
78
|
Former Czechoslovakia
|
69
|
38
|
31
|
Former USSR
|
308
|
147
|
161
|
Former Yugoslavia
|
149
|
90
|
59
|
Georgia
|
6
|
5
|
1
|
Hungary
|
158
|
62
|
96
|
Iceland
|
52
|
22
|
30
|
Kazakhstan
|
15
|
6
|
9
|
Kyrgyzstan
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Latvia
|
15
|
3
|
12
|
Liechtenstein
|
5
|
4
|
1
|
Lithuania
|
20
|
8
|
12
|
Malta
|
4
|
1
|
3
|
Moldova
|
71
|
44
|
27
|
Monaco
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
Norway
|
636
|
361
|
275
|
Poland
|
276
|
121
|
155
|
Romania
|
584
|
366
|
218
|
Russia
|
665
|
255
|
410
|
Slovak Republic
|
14
|
7
|
7
|
Slovenia
|
16
|
9
|
7
|
Switzerland
|
1 449
|
794
|
655
|
The former Yugoslav Republic
of Macedonia
|
26
|
20
|
6
|
Turkey
|
110
|
69
|
41
|
Turkmenistan
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
Ukraine
|
261
|
121
|
140
|
Uzbekistan
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Nationality
|
Sex
|
||
Total
|
Men
|
Women
|
|
Africa
|
112 550
|
65 741
|
46 809
|
Angola
|
24 096
|
13 488
|
10 608
|
Cape Verde
|
51 950
|
29 550
|
22 400
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
18 728
|
12 940
|
5 788
|
Mozambique
|
4 870
|
2 620
|
2 250
|
Sao Tome and Principe
|
6 689
|
3 277
|
3 412
|
Other African
|
6 217
|
3 866
|
2 351
|
Algeria
|
113
|
88
|
25
|
Benin
|
6
|
4
|
2
|
Botswana
|
8
|
1
|
7
|
Burkina Faso
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
Burundi
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
Cameroon
|
37
|
21
|
16
|
Central African Republic
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
Chad
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Congo (Democratic Republic)
|
324
|
201
|
123
|
Congo (Republic)
|
105
|
69
|
36
|
Côte d’Ivoire
|
103
|
67
|
36
|
Djibouti
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Egypt
|
79
|
63
|
16
|
Equatorial Guinea
|
19
|
10
|
9
|
Ethiopia
|
15
|
3
|
12
|
Gabon
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
Gambia
|
7
|
6
|
1
|
Ghana
|
59
|
45
|
14
|
Guinea
|
771
|
542
|
229
|
Kenya
|
288
|
180
|
108
|
Lesotho
|
4
|
1
|
3
|
Liberia
|
41
|
38
|
3
|
Libya
|
43
|
29
|
14
|
Madagascar
|
6
|
1
|
5
|
Malawi
|
22
|
12
|
10
|
Mali
|
71
|
60
|
11
|
Mauritania
|
34
|
24
|
10
|
Mauritius
|
12
|
5
|
7
|
Morocco
|
649
|
428
|
221
|
Namibia
|
4
|
0
|
4
|
Nigeria
|
103
|
73
|
30
|
Rwanda
|
25
|
14
|
11
|
Saint Helena
|
8
|
3
|
5
|
Senegal
|
663
|
544
|
119
|
Seychelles
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
Nationality
|
Sex
|
||
Total
|
Men
|
Women
|
|
Sierra Leone
|
95
|
72
|
23
|
Somalia
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
South Africa
|
1 976
|
974
|
1 002
|
Sudan
|
16
|
11
|
5
|
Swaziland
|
12
|
6
|
6
|
Tanzania
|
331
|
181
|
150
|
Togo
|
16
|
16
|
0
|
Tunisia
|
42
|
28
|
14
|
Uganda
|
7
|
3
|
4
|
Zambia
|
10
|
8
|
2
|
Zimbabwe
|
78
|
30
|
48
|
North America
|
10 230
|
5 849
|
4 381
|
Canada
|
1 940
|
1 192
|
748
|
USA
|
8 057
|
4 565
|
3 492
|
Other North American
|
233
|
92
|
141
|
Bermuda
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
Mexico
|
220
|
87
|
133
|
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
|
10
|
4
|
6
|
Central and South American
|
30 196
|
15 630
|
14 566
|
Brazil
|
24 550
|
12 497
|
12 053
|
Venezuela
|
3 573
|
2 170
|
1 403
|
Other Central and South American
|
2 073
|
963
|
1 110
|
Anguilla
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
Argentina
|
508
|
290
|
218
|
Barbados
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
Belize
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
Bolivia
|
35
|
21
|
14
|
Chile
|
225
|
112
|
113
|
Colombia
|
330
|
126
|
204
|
Costa Rica
|
15
|
6
|
9
|
Cuba
|
302
|
109
|
193
|
Dominica
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
Dominican Republic
|
47
|
7
|
40
|
Ecuador
|
146
|
63
|
83
|
El Salvador
|
13
|
8
|
5
|
Grenada
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Guatemala
|
22
|
10
|
12
|
Guyana
|
23
|
11
|
12
|
Haiti
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
Honduras
|
10
|
4
|
6
|
Jamaica
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
Nicaragua
|
7
|
2
|
5
|
Nationality
|
Sex
|
||
Total
|
Men
|
Women
|
|
Panama
|
17
|
9
|
8
|
Paraguay
|
24
|
17
|
7
|
Peru
|
220
|
96
|
124
|
Saint Kitts and Nevis
|
6
|
2
|
4
|
Suriname
|
4
|
4
|
0
|
Trinidad and Tobago
|
19
|
13
|
6
|
Uruguay
|
89
|
45
|
44
|
Asia
|
10 443
|
5 938
|
4 505
|
Afghanistan
|
4
|
3
|
1
|
Bahrain
|
16
|
16
|
0
|
Bangladesh
|
353
|
277
|
76
|
Cambodia
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
China
|
4 334
|
2 544
|
1 790
|
Cyprus
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
Hong Kong
|
296
|
150
|
146
|
India
|
1 461
|
711
|
750
|
Indonesia
|
18
|
3
|
15
|
Iran
|
597
|
349
|
248
|
Iraq
|
154
|
96
|
58
|
Israel
|
109
|
72
|
37
|
Japan
|
814
|
471
|
343
|
Jordan
|
81
|
50
|
31
|
Kuwait
|
19
|
11
|
8
|
Lebanon
|
194
|
109
|
85
|
Macao
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
Malaysia
|
45
|
27
|
18
|
Myanmar
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
Nepal
|
8
|
3
|
5
|
North Korea
|
15
|
8
|
7
|
Pakistan
|
1 123
|
724
|
399
|
Philippines
|
329
|
78
|
251
|
Qatar
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
Saudi Arabia
|
19
|
12
|
7
|
Singapore
|
42
|
14
|
28
|
South Korea
|
205
|
111
|
94
|
Sri Lanka
|
20
|
9
|
11
|
Syria
|
78
|
44
|
34
|
Taiwan
|
5
|
2
|
3
|
Thailand
|
69
|
24
|
45
|
Timor
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
United Arab Emirates
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
Viet Nam
|
8
|
4
|
4
|
Nationality
|
Sex
|
||
Total
|
Men
|
Women
|
|
West Bank/Gaza Strip
|
11
|
8
|
3
|
Yemen
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
Oceania
|
545
|
297
|
248
|
Australia
|
483
|
257
|
226
|
New Zealand
|
62
|
40
|
22
|
Stateless
|
273
|
152
|
121
|
Unknown
|
7
|
3
|
4
|
Note: Provisional data as at 30 November 2002. The data processed on 14 May 2003 are given in table 4 of the annex (available for consultation in the secretariat).
Nationality
|
Aveiro
|
Beja
|
Braga
|
Bragança
|
Castelo
Branco
|
Coimbra
|
Évora
|
Faro
|
Guarda
|
Leiria
|
Lisboa
|
Portalegre
|
Porto
|
Santarém
|
Setúbal
|
Viana do
Castelo
|
Vila Real
|
Viseu
|
Açores
|
Madeira
|
Overall total
|
8 527
|
1 247
|
3 734
|
456
|
785
|
6 564
|
1 159
|
30 936
|
953
|
3 193
|
127 043
|
823
|
13 790
|
1 938
|
24 626
|
1 700
|
744
|
1 679
|
2 714
|
3 016
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Europe
|
1 824
|
1 003
|
1 470
|
196
|
345
|
3 125
|
670
|
18 970
|
342
|
1 353
|
27 725
|
525
|
5 682
|
778
|
3 175
|
997
|
242
|
525
|
728
|
1 708
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
European Union
|
1 552
|
945
|
1 298
|
179
|
304
|
2 964
|
636
|
17 928
|
323
|
1 210
|
25 243
|
495
|
5 122
|
688
|
2 820
|
937
|
222
|
425
|
614
|
1 488
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Austria
|
28
|
10
|
18
|
3
|
7
|
37
|
11
|
125
|
2
|
8
|
239
|
6
|
52
|
8
|
11
|
1
|
2
|
4
|
14
|
45
|
Belgium
|
44
|
48
|
62
|
2
|
11
|
197
|
37
|
664
|
13
|
61
|
884
|
16
|
107
|
23
|
144
|
22
|
9
|
31
|
19
|
23
|
Denmark
|
45
|
44
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
26
|
4
|
240
|
5
|
9
|
296
|
5
|
105
|
1
|
29
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
35
|
Finland
|
16
|
1
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
21
|
1
|
204
|
1
|
6
|
190
|
0
|
66
|
1
|
15
|
6
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
31
|
France
|
431
|
47
|
335
|
33
|
77
|
368
|
52
|
988
|
77
|
365
|
3 592
|
27
|
711
|
134
|
427
|
203
|
60
|
97
|
141
|
130
|
Germany
|
240
|
336
|
257
|
15
|
50
|
422
|
109
|
3 670
|
72
|
189
|
3 650
|
36
|
1 111
|
86
|
640
|
70
|
19
|
62
|
286
|
459
|
Greece
|
8
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
18
|
0
|
17
|
0
|
0
|
87
|
0
|
17
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
7
|
Ireland
|
10
|
1
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
14
|
1
|
217
|
1
|
5
|
235
|
2
|
18
|
13
|
11
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
6
|
Italy
|
127
|
17
|
109
|
8
|
24
|
450
|
41
|
311
|
15
|
69
|
1 605
|
31
|
337
|
66
|
243
|
30
|
15
|
50
|
49
|
111
|
Luxembourg
|
5
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
9
|
2
|
20
|
1
|
9
|
36
|
2
|
10
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
Netherlands
|
57
|
128
|
45
|
2
|
30
|
240
|
104
|
2 082
|
27
|
103
|
1 161
|
66
|
212
|
88
|
225
|
35
|
9
|
30
|
30
|
86
|
Spain
|
409
|
142
|
320
|
108
|
78
|
755
|
163
|
791
|
101
|
212
|
8 109
|
244
|
1 379
|
194
|
683
|
473
|
94
|
105
|
34
|
85
|
Sweden
|
13
|
7
|
14
|
0
|
1
|
45
|
91
|
305
|
1
|
8
|
714
|
3
|
70
|
5
|
59
|
3
|
1
|
9
|
5
|
10
|
United Kingdom
|
119
|
163
|
116
|
11
|
25
|
362
|
20
|
8 294
|
7
|
166
|
4 445
|
57
|
927
|
67
|
330
|
81
|
11
|
27
|
28
|
460
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other European
|
272
|
58
|
172
|
17
|
41
|
161
|
34
|
1 042
|
19
|
143
|
2 482
|
30
|
560
|
90
|
355
|
60
|
20
|
100
|
114
|
220
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albania
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
10
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
Andorra
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Armenia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
16
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Belarus
|
10
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
10
|
0
|
7
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
6
|
72
|
5
|
4
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
Bulgaria
|
42
|
1
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
12
|
2
|
59
|
1
|
6
|
183
|
0
|
120
|
9
|
25
|
7
|
0
|
52
|
6
|
10
|
Croatia
|
7
|
0
|
19
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
15
|
0
|
5
|
34
|
0
|
15
|
2
|
7
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
Czech Republic
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
1
|
14
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
Estonia
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
5
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Federal Republic
of Yugoslavia
|
15
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
2
|
23
|
1
|
4
|
50
|
0
|
14
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
8
|
1
|
1
|
20
|
Former
Czechoslovakia
|
8
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
34
|
2
|
16
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
Former USSR
|
1
|
0
|
12
|
0
|
2
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
226
|
0
|
38
|
4
|
5
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
Former
Yugoslavia
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
23
|
0
|
1
|
68
|
0
|
30
|
3
|
6
|
0
|
-2
|
2
|
1
|
6
|
Georgia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Hungary
|
5
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
16
|
0
|
4
|
72
|
0
|
26
|
0
|
8
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
19
|
Iceland
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
11
|
0
|
0
|
19
|
1
|
7
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
Kazakhstan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
4
|
3
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Kyrgyzstan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Nationality
|
Aveiro
|
Beja
|
Braga
|
Bragança
|
Castelo
Branco
|
Coimbra
|
Évora
|
Faro
|
Guarda
|
Leiria
|
Lisboa
|
Portalegre
|
Porto
|
Santarém
|
Setúbal
|
Viana do
Castelo
|
Vila Real
|
Viseu
|
Açores
|
Madeira
|
Latvia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
Liechtenstein
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Lithuania
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Malta
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Moldova
|
5
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
16
|
0
|
4
|
10
|
0
|
5
|
1
|
23
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
Monaco
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Norway
|
15
|
4
|
8
|
0
|
2
|
27
|
1
|
170
|
1
|
11
|
298
|
2
|
24
|
1
|
32
|
5
|
0
|
1
|
4
|
30
|
Poland
|
17
|
0
|
9
|
2
|
2
|
5
|
1
|
29
|
5
|
5
|
134
|
1
|
35
|
3
|
14
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
4
|
6
|
Romania
|
29
|
2
|
45
|
5
|
2
|
18
|
4
|
70
|
0
|
12
|
283
|
1
|
17
|
21
|
57
|
11
|
3
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
Russia
|
58
|
0
|
14
|
0
|
10
|
31
|
6
|
74
|
0
|
8
|
295
|
0
|
55
|
13
|
62
|
6
|
3
|
3
|
11
|
16
|
Slovak Republic
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
-1
|
2
|
Slovenia
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
Switzerland
|
27
|
38
|
20
|
4
|
17
|
29
|
7
|
460
|
4
|
57
|
474
|
15
|
102
|
14
|
58
|
11
|
4
|
23
|
21
|
64
|
The former
Federal Republic
of Macedonia
|
1
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
Turkey
|
4
|
1
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
15
|
0
|
0
|
53
|
0
|
13
|
1
|
5
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
3
|
Turkmenistan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Ukraine
|
11
|
6
|
6
|
0
|
2
|
4
|
3
|
31
|
2
|
4
|
78
|
3
|
10
|
7
|
14
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
57
|
20
|
Uzbekistan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Africa
|
1 401
|
110
|
753
|
117
|
154
|
1 587
|
251
|
7 870
|
151
|
770
|
75 655
|
162
|
2 853
|
611
|
18 858
|
163
|
161
|
250
|
383
|
290
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Angola
|
430
|
26
|
319
|
59
|
41
|
489
|
60
|
967
|
61
|
206
|
16 230
|
78
|
928
|
201
|
3 669
|
70
|
79
|
114
|
19
|
50
|
Cape Verde
|
201
|
34
|
116
|
32
|
75
|
393
|
106
|
3 303
|
49
|
332
|
34 970
|
43
|
906
|
201
|
10 784
|
27
|
33
|
57
|
258
|
30
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
482
|
18
|
122
|
6
|
1
|
346
|
23
|
2427
|
2
|
58
|
12 964
|
7
|
356
|
62
|
1 602
|
23
|
24
|
20
|
78
|
107
|
Mozambique
|
47
|
8
|
64
|
6
|
12
|
113
|
29
|
116
|
4
|
47
|
3 366
|
6
|
136
|
55
|
828
|
8
|
2
|
5
|
8
|
10
|
São Tomé and
Príncipe
|
84
|
3
|
35
|
3
|
6
|
124
|
22
|
90
|
5
|
13
|
4 624
|
19
|
120
|
28
|
1 474
|
0
|
9
|
24
|
2
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other African
|
157
|
21
|
97
|
11
|
19
|
122
|
11
|
967
|
30
|
114
|
3 501
|
9
|
407
|
64
|
501
|
35
|
14
|
30
|
18
|
89
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Algeria
|
4
|
2
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
16
|
0
|
5
|
37
|
0
|
22
|
4
|
8
|
4
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Benin
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Botswana
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Burkina Faso
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Burundi
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Cameroon
|
-1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
11
|
0
|
10
|
0
|
11
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Central African
Republic
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Chad
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Congo
(Democratic
Republic)
|
26
|
0
|
16
|
2
|
4
|
4
|
0
|
5
|
8
|
7
|
201
|
1
|
23
|
1
|
18
|
1
|
5
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
Congo (Republic)
|
4
|
0
|
12
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
6
|
0
|
54
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
19
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
Côte d’Ivoire
|
15
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
12
|
0
|
1
|
48
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
21
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Djibouti
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Egypt
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
1
|
37
|
0
|
14
|
1
|
5
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
-1
|
2
|
Equatorial Guinea
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
10
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Nationality
|
Aveiro
|
Beja
|
Braga
|
Bragança
|
Castelo
Branco
|
Coimbra
|
Évora
|
Faro
|
Guarda
|
Leiria
|
Lisboa
|
Portalegre
|
Porto
|
Santarém
|
Setúbal
|
Viana do
Castelo
|
Vila Real
|
Viseu
|
Açores
|
Madeira
|
Ethiopia
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
8
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
Gabon
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Gambia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Ghana
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
9
|
3
|
2
|
32
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
Guinea
|
18
|
-1
|
25
|
0
|
0
|
30
|
4
|
69
|
2
|
1
|
435
|
2
|
66
|
8
|
99
|
6
|
1
|
2
|
-3
|
7
|
Kenya
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
11
|
0
|
10
|
0
|
2
|
237
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
21
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Lesotho
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Liberia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
36
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Libya
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
34
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
Madagascar
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Malawi
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
20
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
Mali
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
1
|
0
|
33
|
0
|
5
|
2
|
14
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
Mauritania
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
28
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Mauritius
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
Morocco
|
33
|
13
|
6
|
2
|
4
|
9
|
1
|
146
|
4
|
66
|
219
|
1
|
47
|
13
|
59
|
9
|
1
|
9
|
2
|
5
|
Namibia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Nigeria
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
76
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Rwanda
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
10
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Saint Helena
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Senegal
|
5
|
0
|
5
|
3
|
4
|
9
|
1
|
53
|
0
|
0
|
472
|
0
|
68
|
5
|
34
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
Seychelles
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Sierra Leone
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
86
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Somalia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
South Africa
|
27
|
4
|
15
|
2
|
4
|
18
|
1
|
579
|
6
|
18
|
995
|
2
|
104
|
20
|
87
|
8
|
1
|
9
|
17
|
59
|
Sudan
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
12
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Swaziland
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Tanzania
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
26
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
253
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
47
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Togo
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
13
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Tunisia
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
14
|
0
|
7
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
Uganda
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Zambia
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
Zimbabwe
|
5
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
15
|
0
|
0
|
39
|
0
|
3
|
2
|
8
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
North America
|
785
|
23
|
80
|
9
|
53
|
333
|
25
|
909
|
176
|
343
|
5 062
|
18
|
266
|
136
|
259
|
136
|
19
|
121
|
1 377
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Canada
|
152
|
0
|
17
|
6
|
15
|
120
|
3
|
333
|
1
|
139
|
520
|
0
|
40
|
37
|
74
|
9
|
4
|
15
|
474
|
7
|
USA
|
630
|
19
|
59
|
3
|
34
|
208
|
21
|
568
|
173
|
192
|
4 409
|
13
|
211
|
91
|
164
|
144
|
23
|
106
|
901
|
88
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other North
American
|
3
|
4
|
4
|
0
|
4
|
5
|
1
|
8
|
2
|
12
|
133
|
5
|
15
|
8
|
21
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bermuda
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
-1
|
2
|
Mexico
|
3
|
4
|
4
|
0
|
4
|
5
|
1
|
8
|
2
|
12
|
132
|
3
|
15
|
8
|
12
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
3
|
Saint Pierre and
Miquelon
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nationality
|
Aveiro
|
Beja
|
Braga
|
Bragança
|
Castelo
Branco
|
Coimbra
|
Évora
|
Faro
|
Guarda
|
Leiria
|
Lisboa
|
Portalegre
|
Porto
|
Santarém
|
Setúbal
|
Viana do
Castelo
|
Vila Real
|
Viseu
|
Açores
|
Madeira
|
Central and South
America
|
4 263
|
91
|
12 52
|
108
|
182
|
1 270
|
156
|
1 908
|
250
|
601
|
11 757
|
83
|
4 067
|
298
|
1 529
|
345
|
300
|
721
|
177
|
838
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brazil
|
2 361
|
76
|
1 148
|
95
|
159
|
1 030
|
146
|
1 351
|
219
|
528
|
10 452
|
81
|
3 600
|
253
|
1 315
|
304
|
277
|
680
|
160
|
315
|
Venezuela
|
1 799
|
5
|
54
|
2
|
3
|
185
|
1
|
310
|
11
|
13
|
328
|
0
|
251
|
12
|
65
|
14
|
5
|
20
|
7
|
488
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Central and
South American
|
103
|
10
|
50
|
11
|
20
|
55
|
9
|
247
|
20
|
60
|
977
|
2
|
216
|
33
|
149
|
27
|
18
|
21
|
10
|
35
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anguilla
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Argentina
|
10
|
5
|
4
|
0
|
9
|
10
|
2
|
110
|
13
|
29
|
219
|
1
|
37
|
10
|
24
|
6
|
1
|
9
|
4
|
13
|
Barbados
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Belize
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Bolivia
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
25
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
Chile
|
9
|
2
|
5
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
22
|
3
|
4
|
129
|
1
|
13
|
6
|
22
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Colombia
|
28
|
1
|
14
|
0
|
3
|
12
|
0
|
24
|
2
|
2
|
151
|
0
|
38
|
3
|
28
|
4
|
5
|
0
|
3
|
12
|
Costa Rica
|
1
|
-1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
12
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
-1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Cuba
|
16
|
1
|
12
|
1
|
1
|
11
|
1
|
32
|
0
|
16
|
134
|
0
|
42
|
2
|
19
|
4
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
4
|
Dominica
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Dominican
Republic
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
2
|
26
|
0
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Ecuador
|
9
|
1
|
9
|
5
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
21
|
0
|
3
|
53
|
0
|
29
|
3
|
4
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
El Salvador
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Grenada
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Guatemala
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
11
|
0
|
1
|
2
|
5
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Guyana
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
15
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Haiti
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Honduras
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Jamaica
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Nicaragua
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
-1
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Panama
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
21
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
-11
|
Paraguay
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Peru
|
16
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
3
|
9
|
1
|
11
|
0
|
2
|
111
|
0
|
32
|
2
|
12
|
1
|
5
|
8
|
0
|
5
|
St. Kitts and Nevis
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Suriname
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Trinidad and
Tobago
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Uruguay
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
9
|
1
|
2
|
52
|
0
|
7
|
1
|
2
|
7
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asia
|
236
|
17
|
171
|
24
|
48
|
216
|
52
|
1 065
|
33
|
112
|
6 458
|
33
|
894
|
105
|
747
|
58
|
22
|
56
|
41
|
55
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Afghanistan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Bahrain
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Bangladesh
|
4
|
0
|
23
|
0
|
8
|
8
|
0
|
20
|
0
|
0
|
177
|
0
|
40
|
2
|
57
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
Cambodia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
China
|
192
|
13
|
129
|
11
|
28
|
141
|
29
|
397
|
11
|
77
|
2 257
|
18
|
603
|
59
|
262
|
22
|
18
|
29
|
15
|
23
|
Cyprus
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Nationality
|
Aveiro
|
Beja
|
Braga
|
Bragança
|
Castelo
Branco
|
Coimbra
|
Évora
|
Faro
|
Guarda
|
Leiria
|
Lisboa
|
Portalegre
|
Porto
|
Santarém
|
Setúbal
|
Viana do
Castelo
|
Vila Real
|
Viseu
|
Açores
|
Madeira
|
Hong Kong
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
285
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
India
|
8
|
0
|
5
|
1
|
4
|
21
|
10
|
82
|
18
|
4
|
1 098
|
2
|
71
|
8
|
105
|
4
|
2
|
12
|
3
|
3
|
Indonesia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
14
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Iran
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
13
|
1
|
43
|
0
|
0
|
445
|
2
|
15
|
6
|
51
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
10
|
2
|
Iraq
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
96
|
0
|
3
|
2
|
43
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Israel
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
11
|
0
|
0
|
80
|
7
|
4
|
0
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Japan
|
14
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
11
|
1
|
14
|
1
|
5
|
603
|
2
|
73
|
11
|
51
|
16
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
Jordan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
33
|
0
|
1
|
43
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Kuwait
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
13
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Lebanon
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
41
|
0
|
6
|
129
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
Macao
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Malaysia
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
13
|
2
|
0
|
20
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Myanmar
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Nepal
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
North Korea
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
15
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Pakistan
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
9
|
4
|
38
|
0
|
7
|
910
|
0
|
15
|
2
|
123
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
8
|
Philippines
|
5
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
4
|
37
|
0
|
8
|
204
|
2
|
12
|
11
|
21
|
3
|
0
|
9
|
3
|
4
|
Qatar
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Saudi Arabia
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Singapore
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
23
|
0
|
7
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
South Korea
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
180
|
0
|
18
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
Sri Lanka
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
13
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Syria
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
19
|
0
|
1
|
47
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Taiwan
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Thailand
|
3
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
7
|
1
|
3
|
41
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
Timor
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
United Arab
Emirates
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Viet Nam
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
West Bank/
Gaza Strip
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Yemen
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oceania
|
16
|
4
|
6
|
0
|
3
|
29
|
5
|
176
|
0
|
6
|
215
|
2
|
17
|
9
|
32
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
4
|
17
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Australia
|
11
|
3
|
5
|
0
|
3
|
27
|
5
|
169
|
0
|
6
|
176
|
2
|
17
|
9
|
31
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
3
|
13
|
New Zealand
|
5
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
0
|
39
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stateless
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
36
|
1
|
8
|
169
|
0
|
11
|
1
|
26
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
4
|
8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unknown
|
0
|
-1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note: Provisional data as at 30 November 2002. The data processed on 14 May 2003 are given in table 3 of the annex (available for consultation in the secretariat).
26. In addition, 47,657 residence permits were issued in 2002: 11,373 to Brazilians, 2,547 to Angolans, 2,523 to Cape Verdeans, 997 to nationals of Guinea-Bissau and 733 to nationals of Saõ Tomé and Principe. These figures are sometimes exceeded in the case of certain countries, such as Ukraine, with 16,523 permits, Moldova with 3,080 permits, Romania with 2,866 permits and Russia with 1,534 permits.
27. These figures show that the number of new arrivals from Eastern European countries is considerable: while it is not very significant in comparison with the total, there has been a considerable change in the pattern of arrivals in that they were far more numerous in 2002 than in previous years.
Nationality
|
Number
|
|
Nationality
|
Number
|
Albania
|
4
|
|
Gambia
|
20
|
Algeria
|
30
|
|
Georgia
|
285
|
Angola
|
2 547
|
|
Ghana
|
86
|
Argentina
|
31
|
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
997
|
Armenia
|
11
|
|
Guinea-Conakry
|
177
|
Australia
|
1
|
|
Honduras
|
1
|
Bangladesh
|
52
|
|
Hungary
|
22
|
Belarus
|
311
|
|
India
|
553
|
Belize
|
1
|
|
Indonesia
|
1
|
Benin
|
23
|
|
Iran
|
1
|
Bolivia
|
12
|
|
Jamaica
|
1
|
Brazil
|
11 373
|
|
Japan
|
2
|
Brunei
|
1
|
|
Jordan
|
1
|
Bulgaria
|
1 091
|
|
Kazakhstan
|
236
|
Burkina Faso
|
2
|
|
Kenya
|
1
|
Cameroon
|
7
|
|
Kyrgyzstan
|
8
|
Canada
|
4
|
|
Latvia
|
49
|
Cape Verde
|
2 523
|
|
Lebanon
|
2
|
Central African Republic
|
1
|
|
Liberia
|
1
|
Chile
|
4
|
|
Libya
|
1
|
China
|
500
|
|
Lithuania
|
244
|
Colombia
|
66
|
|
Malawi
|
1
|
Congo
|
12
|
|
Malaysia
|
2
|
Côte d’Ivoire
|
10
|
|
Mali
|
21
|
Croatia
|
1
|
|
Malta
|
1
|
Cuba
|
53
|
|
Marshall Islands
|
1
|
Czech Republic
|
19
|
|
Mauritania
|
2
|
Ecuador
|
49
|
|
Mauritius
|
1
|
Egypt
|
56
|
|
Mexico
|
5
|
Equatorial Guinea
|
1
|
|
Moldova
|
3 080
|
Estonia
|
13
|
|
Mongolia
|
1
|
Nationality
|
Number
|
|
Nationality
|
Number
|
Morocco
|
323
|
|
Solomon Islands
|
2
|
Mozambique
|
147
|
|
South Africa
|
10
|
Myanmar
|
1
|
|
Sri Lanka
|
1
|
Nepal
|
29
|
|
Stateless
|
6
|
New Caledonia
|
1
|
|
Sudan
|
1
|
New Zealand
|
1
|
|
Taiwan
|
1
|
Nicaragua
|
1
|
|
Tajikistan
|
1
|
Nigeria
|
81
|
|
Thailand
|
4
|
Pakistan
|
186
|
|
Togo
|
19
|
Palestine
|
1
|
|
Tunisia
|
13
|
Panama
|
1
|
|
Turkey
|
14
|
Paraguay
|
2
|
|
Turkmenistan
|
2
|
Peru
|
5
|
|
Ukraine
|
16 523
|
Philippines
|
22
|
|
Unknown
|
12
|
Poland
|
73
|
|
Uruguay
|
8
|
Republic of Korea
|
1
|
|
USA
|
29
|
Romania
|
2 866
|
|
Uzbekistan
|
202
|
Russia
|
1 534
|
|
Venezuela
|
36
|
Sao Tome and Principe
|
733
|
|
Viet Nam
|
1
|
Senegal
|
110
|
|
Virgin Islands
|
1
|
Sierra Leone
|
7
|
|
Yugoslavia
|
15
|
Slovakia
|
13
|
|
Zambia
|
1
|
Slovenia
|
4
|
|
Total
|
47 657
|
28. There is confirmation of the figures relating to residents: in 2000, 491 applications for naturalization were submitted by Cape Verdeans, of which 407 were granted; 212 by Brazilians, of which 152 were granted; 204 by nationals of Guinea-Bissau, of which 177 were granted; 194 by Angolans, of which 131 were granted; 141 by Mozambicans, of which 101 were granted; and 88 by nationals of Sao Tome and Principe, of which 81 were granted. The figures for nationals of the countries of Eastern Europe are negligible.
29. In 2001, 720 applications were submitted by Cape Verdeans, of which 428 were granted; 356 by nationals of Guinea-Bissau, of which 137 were granted; 240 by Brazilians, of which 101 were granted; 230 by Angolans, of which 104 were granted; 115 by nationals of Sao Tome and Principe, of which 46 were granted; 97 by Mozambicans, of which 53 were granted. The figures relating to nationals of Eastern European countries remain negligible.
30. In 2002, 1,277 applications were submitted by Cape Verdeans; 633 by nationals of Guinea-Bissau, of which 197 were granted; 284 by Angolans, of which 160 were granted; 168 by nationals of Sao Tome and Principe, of which 98 were granted; 109 by Mozambicans, of which 60 were granted. Numbers for Eastern European countries remain negligible.
Country
|
Applications
|
|||||
Entries
|
Proceedings concluded: deferrals
|
Proceedings concluded: rejections
|
||||
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
|
Algeria
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Angola
|
194
|
97
|
131
|
50
|
17
|
3
|
Argentina
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
Armenia
|
4
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
Australia
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Belgium
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
Bolivia
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Brazil
|
212
|
124
|
152
|
98
|
6
|
6
|
Bulgaria
|
3
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
|
|
Canada
|
12
|
6
|
8
|
3
|
|
|
Cape Verde
|
491
|
247
|
407
|
202
|
86
|
35
|
Chile
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
China
|
18
|
10
|
9
|
6
|
3
|
2
|
Colombia
|
1
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
Congo
|
3
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Cuba
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Egypt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
France
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Germany
|
3
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Great Britain
|
2
|
1
|
6
|
5
|
1
|
|
Greece
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
204
|
141
|
177
|
120
|
54
|
44
|
Hong Kong
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Hungary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
India
|
6
|
5
|
2
|
2
|
3
|
2
|
Iran
|
4
|
3
|
3
|
2
|
|
|
Iraq
|
1
|
1
|
4
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
Israel
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Italy
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Japan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jordan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kenya
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
Lebanon
|
10
|
7
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
Malawi
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Malaysia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Table 6 (continued)
Country
|
Applications
|
|||||
Entries
|
Proceedings concluded: deferrals
|
Proceedings concluded: rejections
|
||||
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
|
Mali
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Mauritania
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mexico
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Morocco
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Mozambique
|
141
|
68
|
101
|
58
|
11
|
7
|
Myanmar
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Zealand
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
Norway
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pakistan
|
10
|
5
|
6
|
5
|
2
|
2
|
Palestine
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Panama
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Peru
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
|
|
|
Philippines
|
4
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
Poland
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Romania
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Russia
|
|
|
3
|
1
|
|
|
Sao Tome and
Principe
|
88
|
47
|
81
|
39
|
14
|
6
|
Senegal
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
Slovakia
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
South Africa
|
4
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
Spain
|
3
|
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
Stateless
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sudan
|
|
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
Switzerland
|
5
|
2
|
6
|
3
|
1
|
|
Syria
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Tanzania
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Turkey
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
2
|
Ukraine
|
3
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
Unknown
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Uruguay
|
4
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
USA
|
5
|
1
|
6
|
4
|
|
|
Venezuela
|
4
|
2
|
4
|
3
|
1
|
1
|
Yugoslavia
|
1
|
1
|
5
|
2
|
|
|
Zaire
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
Zambia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zimbabwe
|
3
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
1 464
|
799
|
1 142
|
623
|
209
|
116
|
Country
|
Applications
|
|||||
Entries
|
Proceedings concluded: deferrals
|
Proceedings concluded: rejections
|
||||
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
|
Albania
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Algeria
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Angola
|
230
|
125
|
104
|
56
|
12
|
4
|
Argentina
|
3
|
|
4
|
2
|
|
|
Armenia
|
|
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
Australia
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Bangladesh
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Belgium
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bolivia
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brazil
|
240
|
136
|
101
|
62
|
1
|
1
|
Bulgaria
|
9
|
4
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
Canada
|
6
|
3
|
5
|
|
|
|
Cape Verde
|
720
|
377
|
428
|
203
|
90
|
48
|
Chile
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
China
|
14
|
10
|
4
|
3
|
1
|
|
Colombia
|
4
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
Congo
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
Cuba
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Egypt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
France
|
4
|
2
|
3
|
2
|
|
|
Germany
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
Great Britain
|
2
|
1
|
2
|
|
|
|
Greece
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
356
|
271
|
137
|
100
|
16
|
9
|
Hong Kong
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Hungary
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
India
|
9
|
7
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Indonesia
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Iran
|
3
|
3
|
5
|
4
|
|
|
Iraq
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Israel
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Italy
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
Japan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jordan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Kenya
|
|
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
Lebanon
|
2
|
2
|
6
|
4
|
|
|
Table 7 (continued)
Country
|
Applications
|
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Entries
|
Proceedings concluded: deferrals
|
Proceedings concluded: rejections
|
||||
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
|
Liberia
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Luxembourg
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Malawi
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Malaysia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mali
|
4
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
Mauritania
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mexico
|
11
|
5
|
7
|
3
|
3
|
1
|
Morocco
|
2
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
Mozambique
|
97
|
51
|
53
|
29
|
3
|
1
|
Myanmar
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Netherlands
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
New Zealand
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nigeria
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Norway
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pakistan
|
9
|
6
|
2
|
|
1
|
1
|
Palestine
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Panama
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Peru
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Philippines
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Poland
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Romania
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Russia
|
13
|
8
|
9
|
3
|
1
|
|
Sao Tome and
Principe
|
115
|
58
|
46
|
24
|
6
|
2
|
Senegal
|
1
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
|
Slovakia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
South Africa
|
10
|
5
|
3
|
2
|
|
|
Spain
|
6
|
5
|
3
|
1
|
|
|
Stateless
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sudan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Switzerland
|
5
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
Syria
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
Tanzania
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
Turkey
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Ukraine
|
9
|
4
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
Unknown
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
Uruguay
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
USA
|
14
|
6
|
4
|
2
|
|
|
Venezuela
|
7
|
3
|
6
|
2
|
|
|
Table 7 (continued)
Country
|
Applications
|
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Entries
|
Proceedings concluded: deferrals
|
Proceedings concluded: rejections
|
||||
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
|
Yugoslavia
|
7
|
4
|
1
|
|
|
|
Zaire
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zambia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zimbabwe
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
1 946
|
1 131
|
956
|
515
|
135
|
68
|
Country
|
Applications
|
|||||
Entries
|
Proceedings concluded: deferrals
|
Proceedings concluded: rejections
|
||||
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
|
Albania
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Algeria
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Angola
|
284
|
152
|
160
|
71
|
27
|
13
|
Argentina
|
5
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
Armenia
|
|
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
Australia
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
Bangladesh
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Belarus
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
Belgium
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bolivia
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brazil
|
247
|
127
|
73
|
43
|
11
|
7
|
Bulgaria
|
15
|
6
|
1
|
|
|
|
Canada
|
9
|
5
|
2
|
|
1
|
|
Cape Verde
|
1 277
|
708
|
470
|
238
|
91
|
43
|
Chile
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
China
|
18
|
14
|
7
|
5
|
1
|
1
|
Croatia
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Colombia
|
3
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
|
|
Congo
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Cuba
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Czech Republic
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
|
Egypt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Country
|
Applications
|
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Entries
|
Proceedings concluded: deferrals
|
Proceedings concluded: rejections
|
||||
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
|
France
|
4
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
|
|
Germany
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
|
|
|
Great Britain
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
Greece
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
633
|
501
|
197
|
148
|
38
|
31
|
Guinea-Conakry
|
2
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
Hong Kong
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hungary
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
India
|
18
|
12
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
Indonesia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Iran
|
2
|
1
|
5
|
3
|
|
|
Iraq
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Israel
|
|
|
2
|
2
|
|
|
Italy
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Japan
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jordan
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
Kenya
|
2
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
Lebanon
|
4
|
1
|
4
|
3
|
|
|
Liberia
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
Luxembourg
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Malawi
|
1
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
Malaysia
|
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
Mali
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Mauritania
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Mexico
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Morocco
|
11
|
8
|
|
|
|
|
Mozambique
|
109
|
51
|
60
|
29
|
23
|
10
|
Myanmar
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Netherlands
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New Zealand
|
2
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
Nigeria
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Norway
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pakistan
|
8
|
6
|
5
|
5
|
|
|
Palestine
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Panama
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Peru
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Philippines
|
4
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Poland
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Romania
|
8
|
3
|
|
|
|
|
Russia
|
9
|
5
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
|
Country
|
Applications
|
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Entries
|
Proceedings concluded: deferrals
|
Proceedings concluded: rejections
|
||||
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
All
|
Men
|
|
Sao Tome and
Principe
|
168
|
71
|
98
|
41
|
11
|
3
|
Senegal
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
1
|
|
Slovakia
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
South Africa
|
4
|
2
|
3
|
2
|
|
|
South Korea
|
4
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
Spain
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
|
|
Stateless
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sudan
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Sweden
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Switzerland
|
3
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Syria
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
|
|
Tanzania
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Togo
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Turkey
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
Ukraine
|
|
|
2
|
2
|
1
|
|
Unknown
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
Uruguay
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
USA
|
12
|
6
|
4
|
4
|
1
|
|
Venezuela
|
9
|
5
|
5
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
Yugoslavia
|
1
|
|
2
|
2
|
|
|
Zaire
|
|
|
3
|
2
|
|
|
Zambia
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zimbabwe
|
2
|
1
|
|
|
1
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
2 912
|
1 725
|
1 136
|
621
|
211
|
111
|
31. In May 2001 SOS Racisme Portugal published the results of a survey of Portuguese local authorities (307, then 308 in March 2003) on integration of gypsies. The survey is entitled “Gypsies: figures, approaches and realities”; the study states that Portuguese local authorities, for the most part, consider that the integration of gypsies will take place only when the gypsy community has “radically changed its habits”. The survey, probably the most comprehensive study on relationships between institutions and gypsies in Portugal, was cross-matched with existing studies, in particular those conducted under the “Dignity project” by the Department for the Pastoral Care of Gypsies and Manuel Xarepe on the gypsy community of the Alentejo, a region in the south of Portugal, to the south of the Tagus, extending to the Algarve.
32. Analysis of the data, covering 216 municipalities, leads to the conclusion that the gypsy population of some 40,000 is particularly concentrated in the most densely populated coastal regions and in border areas (21,831 people). Some 29 per cent of the gypsy population live in Lisbon. Despite ongoing measures, 31 per cent of the gypsy population live in marginal circumstances, the situation being particularly serious in the districts of Viana do Castelo (northcoastal), Castelo Branco (centre-east), and Évora (Alentejo, south). Efforts to improve living conditions for the gypsy population must continue. The survey, which better identifies the reality of the life of the gypsy population, represents a significant step by civil society. The survey is not in lieu of efforts by the Government but complements them.
33. Employment measures go hand in hand with general measures, in particular the guaranteed minimum wage and training activities (for the guaranteed minimum wage, reference is made in the eighth periodic report of Portugal (CERD/C/314/Add.1, para. 219) to Act No. 19A/96, of 29 June).
34. Mention should also be made of the training and employment activities of the Ministry of Labour and those conducted through the Institute for Employment and Vocational Training. Of particular note are the model programmes of the kind conducted from June 1966 to 31 December 1997 entitled “Socio-economic integration of young gypsies” (see CERD/C/314/Add.1, para. 230) carried out as part of a global plan of action defined in the framework of the cooperation agreement signed between the Santa Casa da Misericórdia in Lisbon and the Institute. With a total cost of 147,326,354 escudos, this project was carried out in the Lisbon region (Charneca da Lumiar and Buraca) and covered about 200 people. Social and vocational skills were imparted through activities in pre-vocational preparation, vocational training in the metal-working, garment, furniture-making and catering sectors, and through socioeducational training comprising continuing education, social and human training, psychopedagogical intervention and physical education.
35. A project for the disadvantaged submitted by the Lisbon diocesan office of the Department for the Pastoral Care of Gypsies is under way in the framework of the European Community “Employment - Horizons” initiative. This project, which targets both the gypsy and non-gypsy population, is being executed in run-down neighbourhoods of Lisbon and Loures; it aims to carry out two vocational training courses (garment-making, pastry-making and gypsy facilitators) for a total of 25 gypsies. It includes the constitution of a database with facts relating to the realities of gypsy life in Europe (CERD/C/314/Add.1, para. 231).
36. The diocesan office of the Department for the Pastoral Care of Gypsies also has five centres functioning permanently in the “freguesias” (parishes) of Alto Pina, Carnide and Santa Maria does Olivais, Lisbon and the parishes of Buraca, Amadora and Moscavide, Loures. All these centres provide a reception, information and case-referral service, and home visits. The centres are also attended by 420 nursery schoolchildren, of whom 250 are gypsies (CERD/C/314/Add.1, para. 232).
37. An application was made to the Lisbon and Tagus valley regional social security office in the context of measure 4 of the INTEGRAR subprogramme, by the Oficina Romani association, to conduct special vocational training for 30 gypsies in 1997. The project included vocational training in furniture-making, guitar-making and garment-making, complemented by general schooling and various cultural activities (CERD/C/314/Add.1, para. 233).
38. This set of measures, already mentioned in the eighth periodic report, is referred to here because they are ongoing and seek to provide better protection and integration of gypsies as well as positive discrimination on their behalf.
39. The gypsy mediators represent an excellent semi-public measure. The programme receives substantial government funding and gypsy mediators are trained under the programme for the social promotion of gypsies of the Santa Casa da Misericórdia. These mediators have the task (training of the first was completed in 1994) of ensuring liaison between the gypsy community and public and private institutions, identifying the needs of the community and how to meet their needs for employment, education, housing, etc.
40. The SOS Racisme survey analysed the measures taken in practice by municipalities to promote and facilitate the insertion of gypsy communities, including both community-based and general measures. In general terms it was noted that intervention by local authorities with a view to promoting insertion of gypsy communities focused on initiatives that targeted the communities directly. This represents intervention guided by the basic daily needs of gypsy communities.
41. The various measures taken by local authorities focus essentially on housing, education and social support, and complement national rehousing programmes (in particular the special rehousing programme: PER families), the guaranteed minimum wage, which applies to gypsies as to all citizens, and community development or poverty alleviation projects.
42. Resolving housing problems is the number one priority for local authorities in Portugal. Most are engaged in rehousing gypsy families living in marginal areas. An additional measure is support for housing renovation, in particular through the provision of building materials and equipment for the refurbishing of houses. Intervention in the housing sector is generally conducted through rehousing agreements with public institutions such as the National Housing Institute.
43. Poverty alleviation projects are implemented by municipalities and a range of partners who conduct integrated activities aimed at addressing the problems than underlie poverty. The projects relate to social support for families, psychological and social support for the individual, placement of children in school, promotion of adult education, and employment and professional training activities.
44. In addition to the data from the SOS Racisme survey, the Portuguese Government, through the High Commissioner for Immigration and Ethnic Minorities and the European poverty alleviation network, has helped to improve housing conditions for gypsies. Thus, under the agreement concluded with 170 municipalities throughout the country, the annual rate of rehousing increased from 900 families a year in the first half of the 1990s to an average rate of 7,500 families in 1999.
45. One measure taken by civil society is worthy of particular mention: support for immigrant doctors, organized by the Jesuit Service for Refugees and the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, aimed at the professional qualification through appropriate training of immigrant doctors. The programme, which began in 2002, seeks to integrate immigrant doctors in the field in which they have specialized, to avoid their working in occupations that are unrelated to their skills, while meeting medical needs in Portugal. The programme covers 120 immigrant doctors, with 140 doctors currently enrolled, of whom 90 per cent come from the countries of Eastern Europe. Thus far 12 doctors have passed the State exam, with only one having failed.
46. The programme places doctors in their profession, funds the translation of documentation, pays a grant for the training course, makes available books, and conducts all necessary follow-up, until the final phase represented by the State examination then enrolment in the medical association and the start of professional activity as a doctor. To implement the programme, in addition to the support received from the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, an agreement has been signed with the Lisbon Faculty of Medicine, and collaborative contact has been instituted with other faculties of medicine with the Aliens and Border Service and the Ministry of Health.
47. On 12 December 2001, pursuant to the fifth constitutional revision, the new text of the Constitution was published in the Official Journal. The basic aim was to integrate and allow recognition by Portugal of the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court. Thus, new article 7, in its paragraph 7, reads as follows:
“Portugal may, with a view to obtaining international justice intended to promote respect for the rights of the human person and of peoples, accept the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court with the conditions of complementarity and the other stipulations provided for in the Rome Statute.”
The introduction of this new paragraph in the text of article 7 of the Constitution, dealing with the international relations of the Portuguese State, can only give cause for gratification in terms of implementation of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination in the light of the typical motivations for crimes against humanity.
48. The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court was ratified by Portugal in Presidential Decree No. 2/2002, of 18 January, with approval by Parliament, for the purposes of ratification, on 20 December 2001.
49. Article 13 still refers in broad terms to the right to non-discrimination. Attention should be drawn to the wording of its paragraph 2: “No one shall be privileged or favoured, or discriminated against or deprived of any right”, which means that discrimination must not place citizens at an advantage in comparison with others on unjustified terms, or harm them. Instances of positive discrimination are provided for in the respective constitutional provisions.
50. Lastly, with regard to freedom of association, attention must be drawn to the considerable progress represented by the fourth revision of the Constitution, in 1997, and which provides in its paragraph 4:
“Armed, quasi-military, militarized or paramilitary associations (...) and racist organizations or those that adopt fascist ideologies are not permitted.”
It is no longer fascist associations that are not permitted; racist organizations, whether or not fascist in nature, are also not permitted.
51. Racial violence in Portugal seems to consistently embody the defamation and discrediting of others. There are other forms of aggression, less frequent, which may even involve physical assault causing bodily harm.
52. The Criminal Code defines the crime of racism in its article 240, in the part on crimes against humanity, focusing on the organizational aspects of racial violence [paras. 1 (a) and (b)] and on incitement to violence, in writing or any other means of communication [para. 2 (a) and (b)]. Assault causing bodily harm - in addition to homicide, which is aggravated when the motivation for the crime is racial hatred (Criminal Code, arts. 131 and 132, para. 2 (d)) - is an offence under article 132, in conjunction with article 146, paragraph 2, of the Criminal Code. The criminal aspect is thus comprehensively covered.
53. In addition to criminal sanctions, administrative sanctions exist. Thus, Act No. 134/99 and its implementing decree provide for such sanctions. When an act is punishable by both administrative and criminal sanctions, criminal liability prevails and gives rise to the sanctions provided for in the Criminal Code. The provisions of Act No. 134/99 thus make it possible to punish racist acts more comprehensively.
54. Lastly, with regard to the status of the victim, civil liability for acts of racism is not excluded. The Civil Code, in its article 483.1, addresses, with reference to the rights of others, the violation of absolute rights such as the right not to suffer from discrimination based on race, colour, or ethnicity. It is possible to demand compensation for racist behaviour where moral or material injury occurs.
55. In addition to civil liability, article 70 of the Civil Code provides for restraining orders, both as a preventive measure and also to end the effects of the racist behaviour. Such measures may also be accompanied by financial penalties under article 829-A of the Civil Code.
56. One concern in suppressing racial discrimination through civil liability and restraining orders is to demonstrate that the law also protects the victim and not merely the goals of social coexistence, as expressed more directly in the Criminal Code.
57. The Portuguese press sometimes relates particularly shocking events, some examples of which are given below.
58. An announcement inserted by “a group of watchful young people” in 24 Horas, a daily, on 22 May 2000, read as follows: “If you are black, you are given your house; if you are white, go to the bank”. An inquiry was conducted by the criminal investigation police under file No. 74/00.4 jblsb; the aim was to ascertain whether the message had been inserted by a racist organization. Unfortunately it has not proved possible to identify those responsible. On 24 September 2001 the case (No. 74/00.4 jblsb) was struck off the list, subject to new evidence, under article 277.2 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.
59. Although falling outside the reporting period, in a desire to provide the fullest possible information, attention is drawn to the following: on 14 January 2000 a gypsy, Álvaro Rosa Cardoso, was killed in the Aldoar à Porto district, following an altercation between groups of gypsies which involved the use of guns. This led to intervention by the police, with a physical confrontation between law enforcement officers and the citizens involved. Álvaro Rosa Cardoso resisted arrest at the scene of the incident.
60. The autopsy report indicated that his death was due to haemorrhaging as a result of abdominal trauma caused by a violent blow. So as to clarify the circumstances of his death at the Santo Antonio hospital in Porto, where, according to the media, he was taken by police officers, an investigation was begun by the Internal Administration Inspectorate. Further to this a formal inquiry was opened since the investigation was unable to conclude whether the death was due to police action, and, if so, who was responsible.
61. The inquiry did not find that death was due to the police, and was struck off the list, as there was no proof that it was due to police action. Criminal proceedings were initiated in the Porto Investigation and Criminal Affairs Department against two members of the public security police, and a decision of non pronuncià (not to proceed to sentencing) was handed down and confirmed by the Porto Court of Appeal; disciplinary proceedings were then initiated.
62. At Póvoa de Lanhoso, a noteworthy event occurred. A young male, 13 years old, of gypsy origin, who had committed a rape, was protected by his community. Ultimately he was arrested and handed over to the Institute for Social Reintegration. He was held in the Olivais education centre at Coimbra, in connection with trial No. 347/2001 in section 1 of the Braga Family and Juvenile Court. His good behaviour at the centre means that a less severe measure than imprisonment may be envisaged, and this has been proposed by the Institute for Social Reintegration. Review of the detention measure will take place in October.
63. In July 2001, the Expresso weekly reported, under the headline “Racism in hiring”, that a car hire company had informed insurance companies that it did not hire cars to blacks, gypsies or drug addicts. This involves a refusal of service, which has been notified to the High Commissioner for Immigration and Ethnic Minorities. Administrative proceedings were opened and the Commission on Equality and Non-Discrimination has been seized of the case (No. 4/2001-ACIME). The company was fined 1,002.58 euros.
64. However, not all the news is bad. From 23 to 25 November 2001, 60 European radio stations met at Vila Real, in Marão (north-east Portugal) at a conference promoted by the World Association of Community Radio Broadcasters (AMARC), in cooperation with Radio University of Marão; the theme for the conference was “Sixty radio stations against discrimination”.
65. In December 2001 a young man, Ângelo Semado, of Cape Verdean origin, was killed by police during a pursuit in a marginal neighbourhood, and rioting broke out in the district. In the event of homicide, an inquiry is automatically conducted by the Public Prosecutor’s Office and the police. The incident occurred on 5 December 2001 in Alto da Cova da Moura, in Buraca, following intervention by the public security police - a police pursuit following the theft of a car - which resulted in the death of Ângelo Semado, who was shot.
66. Disciplinary proceedings were conducted in the Internal Administration Inspectorate: the recommendation was for 75 days’ suspension: the measure was itself to be suspended for one year. The police officer charged apparently benefited from mitigating circumstances: it was the first time he had used his firearm, he was in a marginal neighbourhood in which he had earlier been attacked, he was alone, he fired after giving warning, and he gave first aid. An inquiry was begun by the public prosecutor in the Lisbon Investigation and Criminal Affairs Department; the investigation is ongoing.
67. Another case in 2001 involved an attack causing bodily harm. A party worker who was sticking up posters for the Bloco de Esquerda (left-wing bloc) was attacked by a skinhead with a knife. The incident occurred at night on 9 March 2002. Two party workers, Henrique Manuel Loureiro Gil and Luís Pedro Álvaro Branco, were sticking up posters at Calçada da Tapada in Lisbon, when they were approached by several individuals, number unknown, who the victims associate with skinheads. The assailants got out of their cars, said nothing to the victims, but hit and kicked them in several places. One of the party workers sustained a stab wound to the leg.
68. The proceedings were the subject of an inquiry by the central crime division (DCCB) of the criminal investigation police, a special unit for the most serious crimes, which deals with proceedings involving racial discrimination. The complainants, summoned for medical examination at the Lisbon Forensic Institute, failed to appear. The police showed them photographs of possible skinhead suspects, but no one was identified. The case was struck off the list as the perpetrator was unknown.
69. Nevertheless, it should be noted that under article 277, paragraph 2, of the Code of Criminal Procedure, the halt in the proceedings is only temporary. Should someone be identified, or new clues or evidence emerge that would allow the criminal investigation to be resumed, the Public Prosecutor’s Office is obliged to do so. The case is No. 38/02.3 jblsb, an extremely important detail in terms of follow-up.
70. In the interests of chronological precision, at least in terms of closure of cases, mention should be made of two cases from 2000, one of which had been struck off the list on 24 January 2003, the other still being under investigation. The first case, No. 136/00.8 jblsb, relates to an Internet message targeting young people, children of immigrants, particularly those of African origin, in which it was not possible to identify the creator of the message. The second case, No. 322/00.0 p5lsb concerns the distribution of racist pamphlets in Restauradores Square, right in the centre of Lisbon; it is still under investigation. It should be noted that police officers on patrol in the square on 31 May 2000 saw that the pamphlets were being distributed, and immediately put an end to their distribution.
71. Unfortunately, accidents in the context of relations between the police and young people in marginal neighbourhoods continue to occur. In June 2002 the police, feeling threatened, fired on a neighbourhood resident in Bela Vista, killing him outright. Here, too, an investigation was automatically opened by the Public Prosecutor’s Office and the police. Bela Vista is a district of Setúbal where people from the former colonies are settled; the young people in the district were born in Portugal, but are ill-adapted and are not integrated. The district has ended up by becoming a kind of ghetto, where the police, who feel unwelcome, fear to enter. The accused, an officer with the public security police, is accused of mitigated homicide (that is, under the influence of intense emotion, such as fear); the victim was a young black male. Sentencing is scheduled for 10 November 2003.
72. In this case the gang to which the young man belonged had committed a series of rapes and attacks in dwellings and stores. When the public security police arrived there was a violent reaction by the gang, compelling the police to intervene. The offence is a common crime, there is no evidence that the police were motivated by racial discrimination. There are no indications of racial discrimination. The proceedings are being conducted under case No. 860/02.0 pcstb.
73. On 2 March 2003 the Sacavém public security police were accused of brutal treatment of two women, one of whom filed a complaint. In the Carnival festivities a police check led to violence. SOS Racisme took on the case, and submitted a complaint against the public security police to the Office of the Attorney-General and the Internal Administration Inspectorate. The police officers stated that they had been attacked by a gang. The complainants are Francisca Diogo Pedro, on her own behalf and on behalf of her three children, Claudete Gorete (14 years old), Walter Pedro Abílio (17 years old), and Sílvia Patrício Pedro Abílio. The complaint is against unidentified public security police officers, who allegedly attacked and insulted (in particular in racist terms) the complainant and her two daughters, Claudete and Sílvia. The agents illegally arrested the complainant and her three children and assaulted her while she was in the police station. A complaint was also submitted to the Lisbon Investigation and Criminal Affairs Department. As matters stand, the Police Conduct and Discipline Unit in the Metropolitan Command of the public security police in Lisbon has initiated disciplinary proceedings (No. 2003LSB00430DIS) against an accused, a senior officer; the investigation is continuing. The proceedings are being monitored by the Internal Administration Inspectorate (PA 216/2003).
74. On 26 April 2003 a young black man, Carlos Reis, was seriously wounded in the head in Zambujal, in Buraca, Amadora, by a public security police officer. His pregnant wife, Marlene Silva, was also wounded. Carlos Reis died from his wounds. The young man was driving without a licence and the two attempted to evade a police check. The Public Prosecutor’s Office opened an inquiry; there is also an investigation by the internal affairs police. Disciplinary proceedings have been initiated by the Internal Administration Inspectorate against two public security police officers; one of them, against whom interim measures have been taken, has been denied use of his firearm.
75. Lastly, a complaint dated 18 February 2002, struck off the list following withdrawal of the complaint by the victim, concerns injuries and threats suffered by Mr. Abdul (case No. 44/02.8 jblsb).
76. In all these cases, some of which are extremely serious, note must be taken of the efforts made by the authorities to intervene in order to end the acts of racial discrimination and acts of violence: a common element is that none has come to trial - in each case these are proceedings still subject to confidentiality at the investigation stage, in which there is a manifest effort by the authorities to combat all forms of discrimination.
77. Under Act No. 134/99, 33 complaints have been submitted: refusal to rent an apartment; refusal to provide service in a hotel; questions of access to employment (such as the announcement referred to above); discrimination in public service; refusal to hire vehicles; police aggression. Complaints have also been submitted in connection with
discrimination by banks: with regard to administrative precedent, see, infra, part three, chapter I.A. (paras. 114118); judicial precedent having the force of res judicata is analysed in part three, chapter I.B (paras. 119-122). These trials have not yet concluded. The competent inspectorates have been seized of the cases and the complaints are under investigation.
78. On 13 January 2002 a study by the Catholic University found that ethnic minorities are stigmatized by the media; gypsy and African communities are those most frequently associated with social conflict. In November 2002 a study by the High Commissioner for Immigration and Ethnic Minorities concluded that the press deals favourably with immigration issues and that progress is being made in the integration of immigrants. Finally, on 30 January 2003 a prize, “Immigration and ethnic minorities: journalism and tolerance”, was offered by the High Commissioner for Immigration and Ethnic Minorities. The candidates in the competition were journalists representing all the media and academics who had worked on the issue in 2002. Candidacies were to be submitted by 30 January 2003.
79. It should be noted, although this is not strictly relevant to continuity in government action to combat racism and intolerance, that legislative elections were held in 2002, resulting in a change of majority. As a result, the holder of the post of High Commissioner for Immigration and Ethnic Minorities changed: José Leitão was replaced by Father António Vaz Pinto.
80. On 22 November 2002 Decree Law No. 251/2002, of 22 November, created, under the Office of the President of the Council of Ministers, the Office of the High Commissioner for Immigration and Ethnic Minorities, abrogating Decree Law No. 3-A/96, of 26 January, and Decree Law No. 39/98, of 27 February. Through this legislation the Government seeks to decentralize the functions of the Office of the High Commissioner, which has offices in Lisbon and Porto, where the current High Commissioner has his office, without prejudice to the possibility of establishing further offices throughout the country. The Office of the High Commissioner comprises the High Commissioner, the Consultative Council on Immigration Affairs, and the Commission on Equality and Racial Discrimination, established by Act. No. 134/99.
81. The role of the Office of the High Commissioner is to promote the integration of immigrants and ethnic minorities into Portuguese society, and to ensure participation and collaboration by associations representative of immigrants, the social partners and social solidarity institutions in defining policies to promote social integration and combat exclusion, as well as to monitor the implementation of legislation designed to prevent and prohibit discrimination in the exercise of rights on the grounds of race, colour, nationality or ethnic origin.
82. The role of the Consultative Council on Immigration Affairs is to ensure the participation and collaboration of associations representative of immigrants, the social partners and social solidarity institutions in defining policies to promote social integration and combat exclusion. The Consultative Council comprises the High Commissioner, as presiding officer; the Deputy High Commissioner; a representative of each of the immigrant communities from the Portuguese-speaking countries appointed by the corresponding federations and associations, provided that their representativeness is recognized by the Office of the High Commissioner; a representative of each of the other three communities, appointed by the competent associations or federations, provided that their representativeness is recognized by the Office of the High Commissioner; a representative of private social solidarity institutions; two representatives of institutions working with immigrants; two representatives of employers associations and two representatives of trade union federations represented on the Economic and Social Council;[1] two citizens of recognized merit, appointed by the High Commissioner; a representative of the member of the Government with responsibility for emigration affairs and Portuguese communities; a representative of the Minister of the Interior; a representative of the Minister of Education; a representative of the Minister of Social Security and Labour; a representative of the regional Government of the Azores; a representative of the regional Government of Madeira; and a representative of the National Association of Portuguese Local Authorities.
83. The role of the Consultative Council is, on its own initiative or at the request of the High Commissioner, to:
(a) Take decisions on legislative proposals concerning the rights of immigrants;
(b) Participate in the definition of social integration policies aimed at eliminating discrimination and promoting equality;
(c) Participate in the definition of measures and activities aimed at improving living conditions for immigrants and monitoring their implementation;
(d) Participate in the defence of immigrants’ rights in respect for their identity and culture, by formulating proposals for their advancement;
(e) Exercise other functions attributed by law.
The Consultative Council meets every three months; its members are elected for three-year terms; they are not remunerated.
84. Attention is drawn, as another recent measure adopted to combat racism and xenophobia, to the signature by Portugal, on 17 March 2003, of the Additional Protocol to the Convention on Cybercrime, concerning the criminalization of acts of a racist and xenophobic nature committed through computer systems, of the Council of Europe. The Protocol was still not in force in March 2003 (five ratifications are needed), no State having ratified it.
85. Particular mention must be made here of Portugal’s participation in the second country report prepared by the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance of the Council of Europe. This report was prepared taking account of information of all kinds from all sources, the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance having made a visit to various Portuguese institutions in November 2001. The report is dated 20 March 2002, when it was finalized by the Commission.
86. The Portuguese authorities placed themselves fully at the disposal of the Commission, which took note of that. The Commission recommends that the Portuguese authorities adopt supplementary measures intended to deal more effectively with racism and intolerance in several areas. Thus, according to the Commission, there is a need: (i) to make the legislative provisions in force fully effective; (ii) to adopt measures that would improve the functioning of the authorities and law enforcement vis-à-vis minority groups; (iii) to establish an independent specialized organ to combat racism; (iv) to improve the application of the rules governing the right of asylum; (v) to protect immigrants against employment abuses; and, lastly, (vi) to inform and raise the awareness of the public regarding efforts to combat racism and intolerance.
87. The Commission notes as positive elements the adoption of Act No. 134/99, prohibiting racial discrimination, the various initiatives taken to promote insertion of gypsies in education and the workplace, the efforts to increase awareness among the police and judiciary of human rights, and the declaration recognizing the competence of the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination to receive individual complaints.
88. As indicated in earlier reports, Portugal pursues an anti-racism policy in terms of legislation and specific actions. A legal framework exists which protects potential victims and specific activities are undertaken, in particular on an ongoing basis by the High Commissioner for Immigration and Ethnic Minorities.
89. There is no racial segregation in Portugal. Since the 1974 “red carnation” revolution Portugal has always strongly condemned all policies of racial segregation throughout the world. It maintains this position today, and supports all efforts to end segregation.
90. Portugal prohibits and suppresses fascist and racist organizations. While there is no legislation that parallels that prohibiting fascist organizations, racist organizations may be considered banned under the Constitution, which is directly applicable in this field. One small party on the extreme right has emerged in the country, the National Renovation Party, which asserts in particular that immigrants occupy jobs that should be occupied by Portuguese, which, in the view of this party, justifies the adoption of measures restricting the entry of immigrants into Portugal. This minor party has not been subject to legal action, its pronouncements being manifestly populist. It has not engaged in violent acts other than its pronouncements; its dissolution has not been sought, as was the case with the National Action Movement (MAN) referred to in the eighth periodic report (CERD/C/314/Add.1, paras. 100-102).
91. The provisions of the Constitution and of the legal order admit of no discrimination in terms of access to the system of justice. Accordingly, access to the courts is limited only by ignorance on the part of individuals of the means available to them. The educational work undertaken by the Office of the High Commissioner, by the coordination office for multicultural education (the Office of Multiculturalism), referred to in earlier reports, and by the Ministry of Education in cooperation with the Santa Casa da Misericórdia, to increase the number of mediators, seeks to put an end to this situation. This is true of both access to the system of justice and of decisions by the courts which, judges being trained in non-discrimination at the Centre for Judicial Studies (National Judges College), cannot be considered as discriminatory in terms of racism and xenophobia.
92. Every individual has access to the system of justice under article 240 of the Criminal Code (racial discrimination) and Act No. 134/99 (discrimination, administrative penalties), and every individual also has access to the provisions of the Civil Code on restraining orders and civil liability. The technical measures that exist are made available to the parties concerned under the Portuguese legal order.
93. Mention must be made of the work of the Office of Multiculturalism, in existence since 1991, which has developed databases on the education of vulnerable groups in Portugal, in terms of ethnic minorities. The Office also translates into Portuguese works of importance for awareness of the phenomenon, in particular the work of Professor Jean-Pierre Liégeois. This work is carried out in collaboration with the Gypsy Research Centre at the René Descartes University in Paris, focusing on the Interface collection. The books produced are made available free of charge to schools with the largest number of gypsy pupils. A teacher’s manual on multicultural education relating to the gypsy culture has also been drafted, entitled La gestion interculturelle des curricula (Multicultural Management of Curricula).
94. The High Commissioner for Immigration and Ethnic Minorities seeks to implement an active policy for the reception and integration of immigrants in Portugal. In terms of information, a national information network for immigrants has been established with an information bulletin on web site www.acime.gov.pt; brochures are produced on the various pieces of legislation; and the SOS Immigrant helpline has been set up, and a telephone call team is being trained. Still with regard to the Office of the High Commissioner, two national immigrant support centres are being set up, one in Lisbon and one in Porto; they are conceived of as innovative centres representing the government authorities in immigrant circles.
95. In other areas, also at the national level, a network of local immigrant support centres is being set up: 15 centres have already been established; the aim is to provide all necessary information to arriving immigrants.
96. With regard to the education of gypsies, decision No. 175/96 of the Council of Ministers, of 19 October, established the Working Group on equality and insertion of gypsies (see CERD/C/314/Add.1, para 302 et seq.), under the High Commissioner for Immigration and Ethnic Minorities. Regularly reconvened, it operates in close connection with the Office of Multiculturalism, and drafted the 1995 teacher’s manual; in 1997 it published games and pedagogical materials based on gypsy culture (European Year against Racism).
97. Further to the objective of encouraging multicultural education in schools, while disseminating and promoting, inter alia, the history and culture of the gypsy people, a cooperation agreement has been concluded between the Office of Multiculturalism and the Gypsy Research Centre at the René Descartes University. In the context of this agreement, a network of publishers from various States (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, United Kingdom) has been set up. These publishers guarantee local penetration and international coverage while promulgating valuable knowledge and increasing the standing of a history, a culture and a language through the Interface collection. The Office of Multiculturalism has been invited by the Gypsy Research Centre to be the Portuguese publisher for the collection.
98. The collection, conceived by specialists, is not intended for experts but for secondary school pupils and teachers to make them more aware of the cultural values of their gypsy classmates and to promote better learning strategies. The collection was officially launched in Portugal in October 1998 in the presence of the Director of the Gypsy Research Centre and various European publishers. All the books offered Les Gitans, de l’Inde à la Méditérranée (Gypsies, from India to the Mediterranean), Les Gitans sous le domaine de la Svastika (Gypsies under the Swastika), Gitans et déportation (Gypies and Deportation), have been translated into Portuguese; the latter has a section on the history of gypsies in Portugal, drafted by Portuguese authors. The Portuguese release will comprise at least one book a year. At present a translation is being prepared of What’s the Romany Language, and is due to be published at the end of 2003.
99. Under the Socrates programme, the Office of Multiculturalism has developed a transnational project, “Gypsies, multiculturalism and integration”, which has resulted in the publication of two books as part of the Interface collection: the translation of Minorité et Scolarité: le parcours tsigane (Minorities and Education: the Gypsy Experience), a reference book on the situation of gypsies in Europe, and Quelle chance! Des Gitans dans notre école! (Wow! Gypsies in our School!), which deals with the situation in Portugal regarding schooling and socialization of gypsies, the first book in Portuguese devoted exclusively to gypsies, also to form part of the collection. All these books have been distributed free of charge in schools with a high percentage of gypsy pupils.
100. The Office of Multiculturalism has partnerships for transnational projects with Spain and France, aimed at developing studies and research on school attendance by gypsies and training teachers for gypsy and traveller children. A compendium of teacher training institutions in this field and of their substantive work has been compiled with the aim of constituting a European database that will be available on the Internet, under the project on the training of teaching staff for gypsy/Romany children and youngsters. In the compendium produced by the Office of Multiculturalism, the “Traveller” project was selected: already presented at Dijon, the project was invited to develop a week-long training programme for foreigners in Dijon.
101. One of the most recent collections launched by the Office of Multiculturalism, École et communauté (School and Community), seeks to make immigrant parents aware of the benefits of sending their children to school. Reflecting the specificities of gypsy culture and its family organization, a volume has been prepared for gypsy parents and families. Another volume is being prepared for teachers to allow them to develop reception strategies for gypsy children in school and the classroom. Another book, Abordages et perspectives (Approaches and Prospects), on multicultural education, issued by the Office, identifies models and lines of research developed in the United States of America and in Europe, including work on the schooling of gypsies.
102. The Office has translated and published a textbook by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Tolérance, le seuil de la paix (Tolerance - the threshold of peace); it has supported the publication by Oeuvre des Tsiganes of a new edition of the book by J.P. Liégeois on the gypsy people (1995). From the same author, 100 copies of Scolarisation des enfants tsiganes et du voyage (Schooling of gypsy and traveller children) have been acquired. The Office has also translated, published and distributed the UNESCO Human Rights Calendar and the Council of Europe Human Rights Album.
103. In parallel, the multicultural education project is developing: it should be noted that among the 52 schools that are at present involved, 14 have a significant percentage of pupils of gypsy origin; some of these schools were chosen at the outset precisely for this reason (for example, the school at Matosinhos). These 52 schools all have multicultural education projects that have specific activities for gypsy pupils, including in particular the provision of meals, participation in leisure activities and the development of initiatives and strategies for the motivation and involvement of gypsy families and communities (for example, lessons in camps, sessions of gypsy singing and dancing, compendium of gypsy history and legends).
104. Another activity has been the training of the 200 teachers participating in the project on the use of the teacher’s manual. In terms of activities directly related to schools, there is nutritional, social and pedagogic support for schools with a significant number of gypsy children (55 and 167 schools in Lisbon, schools in Beja, Elvas, Nisa, Moura, Penafiel, etc.) and the distribution of books and publications to schools.
105. The Office’s multicultural database, which covers all groups of children and not only gypsy children, and is continuously updated, shows that in spite of the efforts undertaken, failure and dropout rates for gypsy children are very high, even in comparison with other ethnic groups.
106. The Office of Multiculturalism has close links with several associations, including the Association of Portuguese Gypsy Women (AMUCIP). It has worked with these associations in promoting projects and sought their intervention as consultants in various specific instances.
107. A research team from the Regional Research Centre recently sent an invitation to the Office of Multiculturalism, asking it to become its institutional partner in a discussion group. The first research colloquium, entitled “Gypsies seen by others: social proximity in interethnic coexistence”, is intended to assess the extent to which certain contexts for inter-ethnic coexistence promote (or not) social proximity between persons belonging to different ethnic communities.
108. Apart from the Office’s activities, but still in relation to the activities of the Working Group on gypsies, there is a link with the Department of Primary Education of the Ministry of Education. Through this, the “Going to school” project has been developed; this has so far trained six young gypsies who have been placed in schools with a high percentage of gypsy pupils where they become facilitators with the gypsy communities, alerting parents to the need to send their children to school and helping them - with the support of the teachers - to resolve their everyday problems and to make good use of their leisure.
109. The “Learn with me” project consists in the development of learning materials to support itinerant pupils: these materials are intended for distribution to schools in the first cycle of primary education, preparing in particular for the learning of reading and writing and taking account of the itinerant situation of gypsy children.
110. In the framework of this project, now targeting the second and third cycles of primary education, a new method is being launched with the creation of a “mother school” (where pupils stay longest and where they are initially enrolled), which takes responsibility for the pupil’s school career, develops contacts with itinerant families, prepares support materials and maintains close contact with the teachers at the schools through which the pupil passes. This project is also concerned with the beginning of distance learning: the Palmela 3 + 5 school is experimenting with the subjects taught.
111. With regard to the training of teachers, two activities are under way:
(a) The training of teachers in gypsy history and culture with the support of gypsy mediators and specialists in these subjects;
(b) The training of heads of schools with the highest percentages of gypsy pupils, in partnership with Italy and Greece and with the support of the European Union.
112. With regard to ongoing education, families are encouraged as necessary to help the young with reading, writing and arithmetic and with their attendance at primary school, which is compulsory.
113. Of relevance here is a statistic provided by the Office of Multiculturalism: the parents of 2,208 gypsy children stated on their enrolment form for school for 1999/2000 that their native language was Romany.
114. Portugal has adopted a set of legislation at the administrative level governing racial discrimination. As stated in the ninth periodic report (CERD/C/357/Add.1, paras. 40-44), Act No. 134/99, of 28 August, prohibits all discrimination in the exercise of rights based on race, colour, nationality or ethnic origin. Under its article 2, it applies to all natural and legal, public and private persons.
115. Under its article 2, any distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based on race, colour, ancestry or origin, the aim of which is to prevent or restrict the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on equal terms, of rights, freedoms and safeguards, or of economic, social and cultural rights, constitutes an act of racial discrimination.
116. Some examples of discrimination: denial of access to employment, access to the enjoyment and provision of goods and services, access to any economic activity, access to the facility to buy real estate or other property, access to establishments open to the public.
117. This Act establishes the Commission on Equality and Non-Discrimination, which receives complaints regarding violation of the right to non-discrimination. Regulations in connection with the Act were adopted in 2000 under Decree Law No. 110/2000, which attributed competence for judicial investigations to the inspectorates (for example, the Labour Inspectorate) concerned by acts of racial discrimination.
118. The table below provides a list of cases dealt with or being dealt with by the Commission on Equality and Non-Discrimination.
1/2000
|
Complaint by Abailardo Margarido Borges. Against: the Post Office.
Ground for the complaint: systematic exclusion from a higher
professional
level, owing to possible racial discrimination (black). Competent inspectorate:
Labour Inspectorate. Status: investigation
stage.
|
2/2000
|
Complaint by António João Miguel da Silva. Against: Totta
Bank. Ground for the complaint: discrimination in the
provision of banking
services as a result of possible ethnic discrimination (gypsy). Competent
inspectorate: conflict of competence
between the Economic Affairs Inspectorate
and the Bank of Portugal (Central Bank). Status: conflict of competence at the
decision
stage.
|
1/2001
|
Complaint by José Sousa Pinto. Against: the “Aqua
Bar”, a commercial establishment. Ground for the complaint:
denial of
access to a commercial establishment owing to possible discrimination relating
to ethnic origin (gypsy). Competent inspectorate:
Regional Administration
Inspectorate. Status: under investigation.
|
2/2001
|
Complaint by the Association of Angolans resident in Portugal. Regarding:
Lucinda Garcia Adolfo Sabalo. Against: Cinector, real
estate and tourism
company. Ground for the complaint: refusal to rent owing to possible
discrimination on racial grounds (black).
Competent inspectorate: a joint
decision is awaited from the Ministry of the President’s Office, the
Ministry of Public Works,
Transport and Housing, and the Ministry of Urban and
Regional Development, as to who is competent to conduct the investigation in
the
IMOPPI (Institute for Public and Private Works and Real Estate Contracts)
proceedings. Status: conflict of competence at the
decision stage.
|
3/2001
|
Complaint by Gilmar Fernandes. Against: the owner of a commercial
establishment and police officers. Ground for the complaint:
physical
aggression as the result of possible discrimination for belonging to another
nationality (Brazilian citizen). Competent
inspectorate: Internal
Administration Inspectorate. Status: under investigation.
|
4/2001
|
Automatic inquiry by the Commission following publication of a news item in
the weekly Expresso of 7 July 2001. Against: AMA, an automobile
multiservice assistance company. Ground for the complaint: refusal to hire
vehicles
as a result of possible discrimination (black). Competent
inspectorate: Inspectorate for Public Works, Transport and Communications.
Status: final decision for payment of a fine of 1,002.58 euros by the company;
payment has been made, and the proceedings struck
off the list.
|
5/2001
|
Complaint by the Moinho da Juventude Association. Against: Buraca local
authority. Ground for the complaint: refusal to issue
residence certificates
as a result of racial discrimination (black). Competent inspectorate: Regional
Administration Inspectorate.
Status: recommendation for inquiry by the Office
of the Mediator; case struck off the list.
|
6/2001
|
Complaint by Aureliano Francisco Conceição. Against:
Conservatória do registo civil de Sintra. Ground for
the complaint:
discriminatory treatment by a public service with use of racist language owing
to the fact that the complainant seeking
the service (civil registration)
belongs to another race (black). Competent inspectorate: Judicial Services
Inspectorate. Status:
decision to strike the case off the list by the former
High Commissioner, with the agreement of the Commission (the alleged practice
was not proved).
|
7/2001
|
Inquiry by the Aliens and Borders Service into the facts relating to a
European Union citizen, a French national, Yannick Bouzada.
Against: the
Post Office. Ground for the complaint: refusal to accept application for
employment by a European Union citizen
because of possible discrimination owing
to nationality (French nationality). Competent inspectorate: Labour
Inspectorate. Status:
under investigation.
|
8/2001
|
Complaint by Victor Fernandes, Manager of the Joteltecnica company.
Against: the manager of the Pérola do Mondego residential
hotel. Ground
for the complaint: refusal to provide hotel services owing to the fact that the
injured parties were of another nationality
(Ukrainian citizens). Competent
inspectorate: Economic Affairs Inspectorate, which referred the case to the
Department of Tourism,
as the competent authority. Status: under
investigation.
|
9/2001
|
Complaint by the Portuguese Union Romani Association. Against:
Guimarães public security police. Ground for the complaint:
expulsion
of citizens; installation of an unjustified police surveillance system;
photographic identification of individuals and
of a camp owing to membership of
a specific ethnicity (gypsy). Competent inspectorate: Internal Administration
Inspectorate. Status:
decision to strike the case off the list by the former
High Commissioner, with the agreement of the Commission (the discriminatory
practice was not proven). Case struck off the list.
|
10/2001
|
Complaint by Aparecida Magali da Silva. Against: the co-owners of the
building where the complainant lives. Ground for the complaint:
discrimination
on the part of the resident co-owners who improperly accused him of making
excessive noise in his apartment. The
alleged discrimination is supposedly the
result of belonging to another race (black). Notified by the former High
Commissioner to
present witnesses and describe the circumstances of the case,
the complainant has not replied. Status: struck off the list, with
the
agreement of the Commission.
|
11/2001
|
Complaint by João Baptista da Silva Araújo Júnior.
Against: Totta & Açores Bank. Ground for the
complaint: refusal of
financing as a result of possible discrimination on the ground of nationality.
The complainant, invited by
the former High Commissioner for Immigration and
Ethnic Minorities to submit documentation, has not replied. Status: to be
struck
off the list, once the Commission has agreed.
|
12/2001
|
Complaint by Fernando Conceição Costa. Against: legal
representative of the Vobis store, in Guia, Albufeira. Ground
for the
complaint: refusal of a cheque for merchandise, possible discrimination as a
result of belonging to a specific nationality
(Brazilian citizen). Competent
inspectorate: Economic Affairs Inspectorate. Status: pending opinion, for
final decision, by the
Standing Committee of the Commission on Equality and
Non-Discrimination.
|
1/2002
|
Complaint by SOS Racisme and Luis Augusto Correia Ramos, public security
police officer. Against: public security police, Olivais.
Ground for the
complaint: use of racist expressions in relationship between a hierarchical
superior/inferior; systematic racial
discrimination on the part of the public
security police throughout professional career (black). Competent inspectorate:
Internal
Administration Inspectorate. Status: pending opinion, for final
decision, by the Standing Committee of the Commission on Equality
and
Non-Discrimination.
|
1A/2002
|
Complaint by Adilson Melo Pires de Carvalho. Against: public security
police, Crime Division, Loures. Ground for the complaint:
use of racist
expressions by police officers and improper use of force motivated by possible
racial discrimination (black). Competent
inspectorate: Internal Administration
Inspectorate. Status: pending opinion at the decision stage by the Standing
Committee of
the Commission on Equality and Non-Discrimination.
|
2/2002
|
Complainant: first cycle primary school, Sacadura Cabral, Amadora.
Against: attack on a pupil by family members of another pupil
(black). Ground
for the complaint: racial conflict in a specific geographical area - possible
mediation. Competent inspectorate:
Internal Administration Inspectorate.
Status: submission of a complaint regarding an offence; trial under way.
|
3/2002
|
Complainants: group of Chinese citizens: Ling Aizhong. Against: public
security police, Martim Moniz. Ground for the complaint:
unjustified action by
the police, motivated by possible race-based discrimination (Chinese citizens).
Competent inspectorate:
Internal Administration Inspectorate. Status:
proceedings referred by the Inspectorate to the Public Prosecutor’s
Office,
under article 38 of Decree Law No. 433.82, of 27 October.
|
4/2002
|
Complainant: Portuguese General Confederation of Workers; Vila Franca de
Xira. Office - Daniela Rossana Silva. Against: Super
Desconto, SA
(Póvoa de Santa Iria). Ground for the complaint: refusal to hire
based on possible racial discrimination (black).
Competent inspectorate:
Labour Inspectorate. Status: investigation under way.
|
5/2002
|
Complainant: Hasvantal Talakchand. Against: several co-owners of a
building in Alverca. Ground for the complaint: use of insulting
expressions
relating to the fact that the complainant is of Indian origin. Status: case
submitted to the Public Prosecutor’s
Office.
|
6/2002
|
The High Commissioner for Immigration and Ethnic Minorities was seized, in
connection with his oversight function, of prior notification
of dismissal of a
pregnant foreign worker, Ongania Niielenga Thecle Roselyne. The complaint does
not claim racial discrimination.
The High Commissioner followed the inquiry by
the Commission on Equality in the Workplace and Employment, which found the
dismissal
proper. Employers associations have been informed of the need to tell
their workers how they can exercise their rights (need to
amend procedures).
Case struck off the list, Standing Committee in agreement.
|
7/2002
|
Complainant: The High Commissioner for Immigration and Ethnic Minorities
(report in the Público newspaper on an action by the Totta &
Açores Bank). Against: Totta & Açores Bank. Ground for the
complaint:
possible discrimination against aliens on the part of the Bank,
which subjected them to demands for documentation for the use of
banking
services not provided for by law. Competent inspectorate: the High
Commissioner considered that it should be the Bank of
Portugal (Central Bank),
but the latter considered itself not to have competence. Status: since there
are other cases of conflict
involving similar conflicts of competence, a
decision on the part of the respective authorities is awaited with a view to
continuing
with the current proceedings. It should be noted that possible
discrimination by the bank would have been allowed to occur by the
institution
itself.
|
8/2002
|
Complainant: Carlos Francisco de Figueiredo Palma Brito. In the
complaint, the victim is the foreign citizen Vasyl Herasymchuk (Ukrainian
citizen). Against: Walter Soldati. Ground for the complaint: labour fraud -
article 222 of the Criminal Code. Competent inspectorate:
it was considered
that the complaint should be submitted to the Public Prosecutor’s Office
in Portimão, which was done.
Status: being tried before the
Portimão Court.
|
9/2002
|
Complainant: Constantin Costin (Romanian citizen). Against: Emparque,
park operators. Ground for the complaint: adoption by the
employer of
procedures that could be discriminatory through the exercise of pressure on the
worker to end the employment relationship
(the possible events stem from a
conflict, with racist overtones, between the victim and another worker).
Competent inspectorate:
Labour Inspectorate. Status: under
investigation.
|
10/2002
|
Complainant: Inocência Luciano dos Santos Mata. Against:
Caixa-Geral de Depósitos. Ground for the complaint: request
for
documentation, contrary to the law, in connection with opening an account.
Based on possible discrimination relating to nationality.
Status: a letter has
been sent to the Caixa-Geral de Depósitos requesting additional
information; the Caixa-Geral de Depósitos
has replied, and the
complainant has stated her satisfaction at that reply. The complainant has been
contacted by the High Commissioner
and has stated that she does not wish any
further action to be taken. The case has been struck off the list, with the
agreement
of the Standing Committee.
|
11/2002
|
Complainant: Luis Miguel Ramos Ferreira. Against: José Matias
Silva Lourenço, a food and drinks vendor at fairs.
Ground for the
complaint: improper requirement for prepayment of service, unequal treatment
with other customers, owing to possible
racial discrimination (black).
Competent inspectorate: Regional Administration Inspectorate. Status: under
investigation.
|
12/2002
|
Complainant: Francisco Almeida Cardoso, police trade union leader, public
security police, Cascais Division. Against: António
Brandão de
Melo. Ground for the complaint: offensive language to a police officer, Paulo
Fernandes, linking his police work
with the fact that he belongs to another race
(black). Competent inspectorate: Internal Administration Inspectorate. This
inspectorate
considered itself incompetent to investigate the case, which was
referred to the Cascais Public Prosecutor’s Office. Status:
the trial is
continuing before the Cascais Court.
|
13/2002
|
Complainant: Idalino Alvares Pinheiro. Against: Rocks Café,
Caldas da Raínha. Ground for the complaint: prevention
of enjoyment of
services and goods by a commercial establishment, motivated by possible
discrimination owing to race (black). Competent
inspectorate: Regional
Administration Inspectorate. Status: under investigation.
|
14/2002
|
Complainant: João Miranda Alves de Oliveira. Against: various
public and private entities. Ground for the complaint: non-renewal
of contract
for a Brazilian woman owing to pregnancy, the procedures of various bodies being
called into question (contradictory
information); the principal ground for the
complaint does not involve possible discrimination owing to nationality.
Status: to
be struck off the list, with the agreement of the Standing Committee
of the Commission on Equality and Non-Discrimination.
|
1/2003
|
Complainant: Yaroslav Terletsky. Against: Tecnovia Açores, a
construction company. Ground for the complaint: adoption
by the employer of
practices (doubling up of jobs, work for which the worker was not paid at the
beginning, failure to provide safety
equipment for jobs requiring it, use of
racist expressions, owing to nationality) which in the context of work relations
could constitute
discrimination against the worker owing to foreign nationality
(Ukrainian). Competent inspectorate: Labour Inspectorate. Status:
under
investigation.
|
2/2003
|
Complainant: António João Miguel da Silva. Against: the
municipality of Chamusca. Ground for the complaint: adoption
by the
municipality of measures affecting the exercise of rights, constituting possible
discrimination owing to membership of a specific
ethnicity (gypsy). Competent
inspectorate: Regional Administration Inspectorate. Status: under
investigation.
|
3/2003
|
Complainant: Karen de Freitas Farias. Against: El Corte Inglês -
Parfumerie Marionnaud. Ground for the complaint: possible
discriminatory
action by the employer, through maintenance of behaviour, a measure or a
standard by which termination of a labour
contract depends on the nationality of
the employee (Brazilian). Competent inspectorate: Labour Inspectorate.
Status: under investigation.
|
4/2003
|
Complainant: Rosa Maria Mayunga. Against: University of Coimbra Medical
Faculty. Ground for the complaint: possible adoption
by the employer of
practices which, under the Labour Code, discriminate against a worker in the
provision of labour for reasons of
nationality or race (black). Competent
inspectorate: Labour Inspectorate. Status: there is as yet no decision by the
High Commissioner
regarding opening of administrative proceedings, since
the employer has been requested to comment on the allegations.
|
119. Just one new court decision has been taken since the submission of the ninth periodic report, but it is significant: it is the first decision directly applying article 240 of the Criminal Code (racial discrimination) to an act that can be classified as an act of racial discrimination.
120. In a case dealt with by the Paredes district court, a Paredes counsellor made a statement which included racist comments about gypsies. In the ensuing discussion in the municipal assembly, the deputy reiterated his racist comments and did so again some days later in a press release for Lusa, the Portuguese national and international news agency. He concluded his remarks with racist comments about blacks in Lisbon. His statements were published in several newspapers; in a subsequent press release, other deputies, in the context of political infighting within the same political coalition, criticized the first deputy for his racist comments. The latter admitted, in a further press release, that his remarks had been unfortunate and apologized for having made them.
121. The liability of the deputy who made the racist comments has been considered under article 240.2 (b) of the Criminal Code, which provides that:
“2. Anyone who, at a public meeting, by means of a text for distribution or any other form of media communication:
(...)
Defames or insults a person or group of persons for reasons of race, colour, ethnic or national origin, or religion, in particular through denial of war crimes or crimes against peace and humanity;
With the intention of inciting or encouraging racial or religious discrimination, shall be punishable by a prison term of six months to five years.”
In this case the court found two offences of racial discrimination, under the same criminal heading: one committed by the deputy at the public meeting, the other in the reiteration of his statements before the press, before his apology.
122. The Romany Union, an association of gypsies approached for its views, said that it was satisfied with the apology. In view of the fact that the deputy had no criminal record, he was given a suspended sentence of nine months’ imprisonment. It should also be noted that his critics, who likened him to a Nazi in the press, were pursued for defamation; in the same decision they were fined (criminal penalty) for defamation. Further, they were ordered to pay 500,000 escudos in civil compensation to the person whose remarks they had censured. The decision is dated 14 February 2002.
123. In addition to the text of Act No. 134/99 and of Decree Law No. 110/2000, considered above, which are directly relevant to racial discrimination, the most important specific national provisions are those on immigration. They were reviewed in chapter I of part one of the report (demographic composition of the population; see also the tables in the annex). The provisions of the Act on asylum, Act No. 15/98, of 26 March, have not been changed, and remain as described in the eighth periodic report. The provisions of the 1998 Act governing work by aliens, referred to in the ninth periodic report, also remain unchanged insofar as they are not at variance with those of Decree Law No. 34/2003, of 25 February.
124. With regard to economic, social and cultural rights, foreign citizens in Portugal, once regularized, enjoy the same benefits and incur the same obligations as other citizens.
125. With regard to housing, the special rehousing plans under the special rehousing programme (PER) represent a significant initiative in improving living conditions for immigrants and the poor. In fact the special rehousing plans consist, as stated in the eighth and ninth periodic reports, in measures to rehouse the inhabitants of shanty towns in decent housing.
126. But these special plans do not always represent the leap forward that they might have inasmuch as the inhabitants rehoused in the new areas have taken with them the problems of the shanty towns. There are several reasons for this: lack of land for building housing, and in particular the fact that at times it is easier to focus on rehousing the poor, who are often aliens, in peripheral locations than to move them to other urban areas.
127. In this context, Decree Law No. 79/96 of 20 June, generally known as the special rehousing programme (PER Families), which established, as stated in the eighth and ninth periodic reports, a concessionary regime for support for housing or renovation of housing by families covered by the programme in the metropolitan areas of Lisbon and Porto, has offered the best opportunities for inclusion of the various population groups, giving them a chance to have their say in the choice of area in which they were to live.
128. As the various rehousing measures have taken shape, an evident need has emerged - in both old and new areas - for an overarching approach incorporating measures that will promote the social and urban renovation of peripheral areas and rundown districts by making living conditions more human, by providing better educational, professional and cultural opportunities to the inhabitants of such areas, and by giving priority to the renewal, renovation and redevelopment of existing towns in preference to building out. Efforts have been made to create magnet areas for economic activities and for community services to stop them turning into dormitory districts. Coordinated public transport offering comfort, speed and reliability has been instituted.
129. The integrated renovation programme for suburban areas in the Lisbon metropolitan area is intended to establish conditions for improvement and integration in peripheral parts of the metropolitan area. It comprises an integrated, multisectoral programme of investment in infrastructure with encouragement of public/public and public/private partnerships acting in relevant areas involving both civil society and the principal beneficiaries of the intervention.
130. The “Live in your district” project at Vialonga, funded by the urban renewal programme, offers an example of how to improve living conditions in a rehousing area through expanded partnerships. The activities undertaken involve intervention in urban zones: recovery of housing; development of open spaces; provision of urban equipment; establishment of multipurpose play areas for children; creation of informal sports areas in the streets; repair of highways and sidewalks; establishment of community centres; business districts; emergency centres for children; multiuse sports centres; education and employment intervention; creation of employment through establishment of five landscaping, dry-cleaning, information technology assistance, production and handicrafts marketing and restaurant enterprises; legal support for residents; organization of housing commissions; promotion of community associations and organizations. These various interventions are based on mobilization and participation on a geographical, rather than a cultural or national basis.
131. In the Loures area, on the outskirts of Lisbon, community development projects have been conducted based on a method promoting effective participation by all social actors that are representative of their local community. “Working with” local communities, rather than “working for” local communities, has been a guarantee for those communities, in that the activities undertaken effectively meet the needs of multi-ethnic populations.
132. In a local development strategy, projects have been carried out in various rehousing districts, in particular community development projects, including the APELARTE multicultural education project in Quinta da Fone, Apelação. This is a district housing residents who until 1997 lived in slums in the approaches to the Vasco da Gama bridge and areas of Parc Expo: 236 families form a multicultural population comprising 40 per cent Portuguese-speaking Africans, 40 per cent gypsies and 20 per cent other Portuguese; 50 per cent of this population is under 15.
133. This project, which concerns leisure activities, is a direct intervention by the municipality: it affects the entire rehoused population as well as that formerly living in the district. The municipality has borne all the cost of the project and established the operating conditions for the Apelação cultural centre. This is a centre offering singing, dance, African dance, photography, capoeira (athletic feats of Brazilian-Angolan origin), theatre and sport; it is intended to complement school, and participation is voluntary; life projects may be undertaken.
134. In addition to this project and its leisure workshop, the district has other social facilities, including a community centre, a school, a youth club, a multi-sports centre and training facilities. The equipment was funded by the local community and the State in cooperation with nongovernmental organizations, by developing partnerships with local development organizations with support for training for young people and job placement.
135. Portugal strives to maintain an open and ongoing dialogue with the Committee. It also seeks to maintain continuity in its activities against racism and racial discrimination, and to remain steadfast in this constant and continuing battle.
136. While the information provided, particularly with regard to the adoption of legislation, is less spectacular than in the ninth periodic report (CERD/C/357/Add.1), that is because a relatively comprehensive legislative framework already exists and has already been described in that report. There is now a need to ensure follow-up to this legislation, both in terms of knowing the real situation as well as of implementing the legislation, a challenge at least as significant as the adoption of the legislation itself. Lastly, the report will not confine itself to cases that are concluded and have become res judicata. The State will supply information on cases that have not yet been decided, in accordance with the Committee’s recommendations.
137. Portugal trusts that the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination will be conscious of its efforts, which it commends to the Committee for its consideration.
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[1] The body bringing together the social partners with the aim of participating in the definition of the Government’s economic and social policy.
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